Schistosoma mansoni Enhances Host Susceptibility to Mucosal but Not Intravenous Challenge by R5 Clade C SHIV 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Schistosoma mansoni Enhances Host Susceptibility to Mucosal but Not Intravenous Challenge by R5 Clade C SHIV 英文参考文献.doc

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Schistosoma mansoni Enhances Host Susceptibility to Mucosal but Not Intravenous Challenge by R5 Clade C SHIV 英文参考文献

SchistosomamansoniEnhancesHostSusceptibilityto MucosalbutNotIntravenousChallengebyR5CladeC SHIV NagadenahalliB.Siddappa1,2,GirishHemashettar1,VivekanandanShanmuganathan1,AmmaA. Semenya3,ElizabethD.Sweeney3,KatherineS.Paul3,SandraJ.Lee4,W.EvanSecor3, RuthM.Ruprecht1,2 * 1Dana-FarberCancerInstitute,Boston,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2HarvardMedicalSchool,Boston,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3Centersfor Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, 4Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background:ThehighprevalenceofHIV-1/AIDSinareasendemicforschistosomiasisandotherhelminthicinfectionshas ledtothehypothesisthatparasitesincreasehostsusceptibilitytoimmunodeficiencyvirusinfection.Wepreviouslyshowed thatrhesusmacaques(RM)withactiveschistosomiasisweresignificantlymorelikelytobecomesystemicallyinfectedafter intrarectal (i.r.) exposure to an R5-tropic clade C simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV-C) than were parasite-free controls.However,wecouldnotaddresswhetherthiswasduetosystemicormucosaleffects.Ifsystemicimmunoactivation resulted inincreasedsusceptibility toSHIV-C acquisition,asimilarlylargedifference inhostsusceptibility would beseen after intravenous (i.v.) SHIV-C challenge. Conversely, if increased host susceptibility was due to parasite-induced immunoactivationatthemucosallevel,i.v.SHIV-Cchallengewouldnotresultinsignificantdifferencesbetweenparasitized andparasite-freemonkeys. MethodsandFindings:WeenrolledtwogroupsofRMandinfectedonegroupwithSchistosomamansoni;theothergroup was left parasite-free. Both groups were challenged i.v. with decreasing doses of SHIV-C. No statistically significant differencesin50%animalinfectiousdoses(AID50)orpeakviremiawereseenbetweenthetwogroups.Thesedatastrongly contrasttheearlieri.r.SHIV-Cchallenge(usingthesamevirusstock)inthepresence/absenceofparasites,wherewenoteda 17-fold difference i