Schistosomiasis in Africa An Emerging Tragedy in Our New Global Health Decade 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Schistosomiasis in Africa An Emerging Tragedy in Our New Global Health Decade 英文参考文献.doc

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Schistosomiasis in Africa An Emerging Tragedy in Our New Global Health Decade 英文参考文献

Editorial SchistosomiasisinAfrica:AnEmergingTragedyinOur NewGlobalHealthDecade PeterJ.Hotez1,2*,AlanFenwick3* 1Department ofMicrobiology, Immunology,andTropicalMedicine,TheGeorgeWashingtonUniversity, Washington, D.C.,United StatesofAmerica, 2SabinVaccine Institute,Washington,D.C.,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3SchistosomiasisControlInitiative,ImperialCollegeLondon,London,UnitedKingdom Despite new information that the disease burdenofschistosomiasisinAfricamaybe equivalenttomalariaorHIV/AIDSanda simple annual anthelminthic treatment for this disease is available for less than 50 centsperpersonincludingdeliverycosts,we now know that fewer than 5% of the infectedpopulationisreceivingcoverage.To date,thissituationrepresentsoneofthefirst greatfailuresofthe‘‘globalhealthdecade’’ thatbeganin2000. African trypanosomiasis, are also being targetedforelimination. almost equivalent to the DALYs lost from HIV/AIDS [6]. Further, almost 300,000 people die annually from schistosomiasis in Africa[5],andthereisevidencethatfemale genital schistosomiasis caused byS. haemato- biummaysignificantlyincreasethelikelihood ofcontractingHIV/AIDS[7]. Unfortunately,otherNTDshavenotfared so well in terms of coverage. Today it is believed that fewer than 10% of eligible populations living in endemic regions of Africa,Asia,andtheAmericasarereceiving annual treatments for their schistosomiasis, intestinalhelminthinfections,and/ortracho- ma [2]. The World Health Organization (WHO) and several leading public private partnershipsandnon-governmentaldevelop- ment organizations are actively working to correctthissituationandtosteadilyincrease global coverage to the levels of LF and onchocerciasis.Ofthese,webelievethatthe singlelargestgapinmassdrugadministration foraseriousNTDhastobethealmostnon- existentglobalcoverageforschistosomiasis. Thereareanestimated207millionpeople infectedwithoneofthemajorschistosomes [3], with more than 90% of the cases Paired with these devastating health statistics is the equa