Searching for the true genetic vulnerability for schizophrenia 英文参考文献.docVIP

Minireview Searching for the true genetic vulnerability for schizophrenia Lynn E DeLisi*? Addresses: *Center for Advanced Brain Imaging, The Nathan S Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, New York, NY 10962, USA. ?New York University School of Medicine, First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA. Email: DeLisi76@ Published: 23 January 2009 Genome Medicine 2009, 1:14 (doi:10.1186/gm14) The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at /content/1/1/14 ? 2009 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract The search for a genetic basis for schizophrenia has taken a new turn recently with the publication of three reports of various rare copy-number variations that are associated with schizophrenia. While some of the findings may simply disappear as spurious reports, others remain interesting: that is, deletions in the Velocardiofacial syndrome region of chromosome 22, and regions of chromosome 1q21.1 and 15q13.3. These results will gain greater significance if future validation in family studies shows their segregation with illness within families, and when it is understood how the genes containing these variants affect the underlying neurochemistry and neuropathology characteristic of schizophrenia. Introduction The inheritance and genetic mechanism of schizophrenia Development into adulthood has, at its origins, strands of DNA inherited from two parents combined with endogenous or external environmental influences. Which aspect of this input is most crucial for development is not well understood. Yet it is well known now that siblings or twins adopted away at birth share very similar physical, personality and mental traits with their close biological relatives [1]. On the other hand, it is Schizophrenia is a lifetime brain disorder detectable in late adolescence to early adulthood that particularly affects the higher cortical centers for comp