Seasonal variations in pore water and sediment geochemistry of littoral lake sediments (Asylum Lake, MI, USA) 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Seasonal variations in pore water and sediment geochemistry of littoral lake sediments (Asylum Lake, MI, USA) 英文参考文献.doc

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Seasonal variations in pore water and sediment geochemistry of littoral lake sediments (Asylum Lake, MI, USA) 英文参考文献

Geochemical Transactions BioMedCentral Research article Open Access Seasonal variations in pore water and sediment geochemistry of littoral lake sediments (Asylum Lake, MI, USA) Carla M Koretsky*, Johnson R Haas, Douglas Miller and Noah T Ndenga Address: Department of Geosciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA Email: Carla M Koretsky* - carla.koretsky@; Johnson R Haas - johnson.haas@; Douglas Miller - doogan78@; Noah T Ndenga - nndenga@ * Corresponding author Published: 20 December 2006 Received: 04 May 2006 Accepted: 20 December 2006 Geochemical Transactions 2006, 7:11 doi:10.1186/1467-4866-7-11 This article is available from: /content/7/1/11 ? 2006 Koretsky et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Seasonal changes in pore water and sediment redox geochemistry have been observed in many near-surface sediments. Such changes have the potential to strongly influence trace metal distribution and thus create seasonal fluctuations in metal mobility and bioavailability. Results: Seasonal trends in pore water and sediment geochemistry are assessed in the upper 50 cm of littoral kettle lake sediments. Pore waters are always redox stratified, with the least compressed redox stratification observed during fall and the most compressed redox stratification observed during summer. A 2-step sequential sediment extraction yields much more Fe in the first step, targeted at amorphous Fe(III) (hydr)oxides (AEF), then in the second step, which targets Fe(II) monosulfides. Fe extracted in the second step is relatively invariant with depth or season. In contrast, AEF decreases with sediment depth, and is seasonally variable, in agreement with changes in redox stratification inf