Significance of Conversation between Mast Cells and Nerves 英文参考文献.docVIP

Review Article Significance of Conversation between Mast Cells and Nerves Hanneke P. M. van der Kleij, MD; John Bienenstock, CM, MD (Hon), FRCP, FRCP(C), FRSC Abstract More and more studies are demonstrating interactions between the nervous system and the immune system. However, the functional relevance of this interaction still remains to be elucidated. Such asso- ciations have been found in the intestine between nerves and mast cells as well as between eosinophils and plasma cells. Similar morphologic associations have been demonstrated in the liver, mesentery, uri- nary bladder, and skin. Unmyelinated axons especially were found to associate with mast cells as well as Langerhans’ cells in primate as well as murine skin. Although there are several pathways by which immune cells interact with the nervous system, the focus in this review will be on the interaction between mast cells and nerves. Functional communication between mast cells and nerves has been shown to occur in a variety tissues. In various studies, tissue mast cells 3–6 invariably showed ultrastructural evidence of acti- vation even in normal healthy conditions, sug- gesting that these cells are constantly providing information to the nervous system. Mutual asso- ciations between nerves and mast cells have been observed in normal conditions and in pathologic ones such as human irritable bowel syndrome, of both physiologic and pathologic situations. 1,2 Neuronal mechanisms are involved in mast cell activation, and mast cells act as principle trans- ducers of information between peripheral nerves and local inflammatory events. Neuropeptides, released from autonomic or nonadrenergic non- cholinergic nerves, may influence the recruitment, proliferation, and activation of leukocytes. On the other hand, inflammatory cells may modulate the neuronal phenotype and function. atopic dermatitis, and interstitial cystitis. Amor- 7 phometric study in both infected and healthy rat int