Slope-Based Stochastic Resonance How Noise Enables Phasic Neurons to Encode Slow Signals 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Slope-Based Stochastic Resonance How Noise Enables Phasic Neurons to Encode Slow Signals 英文参考文献.doc

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Slope-Based Stochastic Resonance How Noise Enables Phasic Neurons to Encode Slow Signals 英文参考文献

Slope-BasedStochasticResonance:HowNoiseEnables PhasicNeuronstoEncodeSlowSignals YanGai1*,BrentDoiron2,3,JohnRinzel1,4 1Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America, 2Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3CenterfortheNeuralBasisofCognition,UniversityofPittsburgh,Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,UnitedStatesofAmerica,4Courant InstituteofMathematicalScience,NewYorkUniversity,NewYork,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Fundamentalpropertiesofphasicfiringneuronsareusuallycharacterizedinanoise-freecondition.Intheabsenceofnoise, phasicneuronsexhibitClass3excitability,whichisalackofrepetitivefiringtosteadycurrentinjections.Fortime-varying inputs, phasic neurons are band-pass filters or slope detectors, because they do not respond to inputs containing exclusivelylowfrequenciesorshallowslopes.However,weshowthatinnoisyconditions,responseproperties ofphasic neuronmodelsaredistinctlyaltered.Noiseenablesaphasicmodeltoencodelow-frequencyinputsthatareoutsideofthe response range of the associated deterministic model. Interestingly, this seemingly stochastic-resonance (SR) like effect differs significantly from the classical SR behavior of spiking systems in both the signal-to-noise ratio and the temporal responsepattern.Insteadofbeingmostsensitivetothepeakofasubthresholdsignal,asistypicalinaclassicalSRsystem, phasic models are most sensitive to the signal’s rising and falling phases where the slopes are steep. This finding is consistentwiththefactthatthereisnotanabsoluteinputthresholdintermsofamplitude;rather,aresponsethresholdis moreproperlydefinedasastimulusslope/frequency.Wecalltheencodingoflow-frequencysignalswithnoisebyphasic modelsaslope-basedSR,becausenoisecanlowerordiminishtheslopethresholdforrampstimuli.Wedemonstratehere similarbehaviorsinthreemechanisticmodelswithClass3excitabilityinthepresenceofslow-varyingnoiseandwesuggest thattheslope-basedSRisafundamentalb