Slowness An Objective for Spike-Timing–Dependent Plasticity 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Slowness An Objective for Spike-Timing–Dependent Plasticity 英文参考文献.doc

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Slowness An Objective for Spike-Timing–Dependent Plasticity 英文参考文献

Slowness:AnObjectivefor Spike-Timing–DependentPlasticity? Henning Sprekeler*,Christian Michaelis, Laurenz Wiskott InstituteforTheoreticalBiology,Humboldt-Universita¨t zuBerlin,Berlin,Germany Ournervoussystemcanefficientlyrecognizeobjectsinspiteofchangesincontextualvariablessuchasperspectiveor lighting conditions. Several lines of research have proposed that this ability for invariant recognition is learned by exploitingthefactthatobjectidentitiestypicallyvarymoreslowlyintimethancontextualvariablesornoise.Here,we studythequestionofhowthis‘‘temporalstability’’or‘‘slowness’’approachcanbeimplementedwithinthelimitsof biologicallyrealisticspike-basedlearningrules.Wefirstshowthatslowfeatureanalysis,analgorithmthatisbasedon slowness,canbeimplementedinlinearcontinuousmodelneuronsbymeansofamodifiedHebbianlearningrule.This approach provides a link to the trace rule, which is another implementation of slowness learning. Then, we show analytically that for linear Poisson neurons, slowness learning can be implemented by spike-timing–dependent plasticity (STDP) with a specific learning window. By studying the learning dynamics of STDP, we show that for functionalinterpretationsofSTDP,itisnotthelearningwindowalonethatisrelevantbutrathertheconvolutionof the learning window with the postsynaptic potential. We then derive STDP learning windows that implement slow featureanalysisandthe‘‘tracerule.’’Theresultinglearningwindowsarecompatiblewithphysiologicaldatabothin shape and timescale. Moreover, our analysis shows that the learning window can be split into two functionally differentcomponentsthataresensitivetoreversibleandirreversibleaspectsoftheinputstatistics,respectively.The theory indicates that irreversible input statistics are not in favor of stable weight distributions but may generate oscillatoryweightdynamics.OuranalysisoffersanovelinterpretationforthefunctionalroleofSTDPinphysiological neurons. Citation: Sprekeler H, Michaelis C, Wiskott L(2007) Slowness: An objective for