Socioeconomic Inequality in Smoking in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries Results from the World Health Survey 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Socioeconomic Inequality in Smoking in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries Results from the World Health Survey 英文参考文献.doc

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Socioeconomic Inequality in Smoking in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries Results from the World Health Survey 英文参考文献

SocioeconomicInequalityinSmokinginLow-Incomeand Middle-IncomeCountries:ResultsfromtheWorldHealth Survey AhmadRezaHosseinpoor1*,LucyAnneParker2,3,EdouardTursand’Espaignet4,SomnathChatterji1 1Department of Health Statistics and Information Systems, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2Department of Public Health, Universidad Miguel Herna′ndez deElche,Alicante,Spain,3CIBEREpidemiolog?′aySaludPu′blica,Madrid,Spain,4TobaccoFreeInitiative,WorldHealthOrganization,Geneva,Switzerland Abstract Objectives:Toassessthemagnitudeandpatternofsocioeconomicinequalityincurrentsmokinginlowandmiddleincome countries. Methods:WeuseddatafromtheWorldHealthSurvey[WHS]in48low-incomeandmiddle-incomecountriestoestimate thecrudeprevalenceofcurrentsmokingaccordingtohouseholdwealthquintile.APoissonregressionmodelwitharobust variancewasusedtogeneratetheRelativeIndexofInequality[RII]accordingtowealthwithineachofthecountriesstudied. Results:Inmales,smokingwasdisproportionatelyprevalentinthepoorinthemajorityofcountries.Innumerouscountries thepoorestmenwereover2.5timesmorelikelytosmokethantherichestmen.Socioeconomicinequalityinwomenwas more varied showing patterns of both pro-rich and pro-poor inequality. In 20 countries pro-rich relative socioeconomic inequality was statistically significant: the poorest women had a higher prevalence of smoking compared to the richest women. Conversely, in 9 countries women in the richest population groups had a statistically significant greater risk of smokingcomparedtothepoorestgroups. Conclusion: Both the pattern and magnitude of relative inequality may vary greatly between countries. Prevention measuresshouldaddressthespecificpatternofsmokinginequalityobservedwithinapopulation. Citation:HosseinpoorAR,ParkerLA,Tursand’EspaignetE,ChatterjiS(2012)SocioeconomicInequalityinSmokinginLow-IncomeandMiddle-IncomeCountries: ResultsfromtheWorldHealthSurvey.PLoSONE7(8):e42843.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042843 Editor:NoelChristopherBarengo,Fundacio′nparalaPrevencio