Two cases of breast carcinoma with osteoclastic giant cells Are the osteoclastic giant cells pro-tumoural differentiation of macrophages 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Two cases of breast carcinoma with osteoclastic giant cells Are the osteoclastic giant cells pro-tumoural differentiation of macrophages 英文参考文献.doc

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Two cases of breast carcinoma with osteoclastic giant cells Are the osteoclastic giant cells pro-tumoural differentiation of macrophages 英文参考文献

Shishido-Haraetal.DiagnosticPathology2010,5:55 /content/5/1/55 CASE REPORT OpenAccess Twocasesofbreastcarcinomawithosteoclastic giantcells:Aretheosteoclasticgiantcells pro-tumouraldifferentiationofmacrophages? YukikoShishido-Hara1,AtsushiKurata1,MasachikaFujiwara1,HirokiItoh2,ShigeruImoto2,HiroshiKamma1* Abstract Breastcarcinomawithosteoclasticgiantcells(OGCs)ischaracterizedbymultinucleatedOGCs,andusuallydisplays inflammatoryhypervascularstroma.OGCsmayderivefromtumor-associatedmacrophages,buttheirnature remainscontroversial.Wereporttwocases,inwhichOGCsappearincommonmicroenvironmentdespitedifferent tumouralhistology.A44-year-oldwoman(Case1)hadOGCsaccompanyinginvasiveductalcarcinoma,andan 83-year-oldwoman(Case2)withcarcinosarcoma.Immunohistochemically,inbothcases,tumouralandnon- tumouralcellsstronglyexpressedVEGFandMMP12,whichpromotemacrophagemigrationandangiogenesis.The ChalkleycountonCD-31-stainedsectionsrevealedelevatedangiogenesisinbothcases.TheOGCsexpressedbone- osteoclastmarkers(MMP9,TRAP,cathepsinK)andahistiocytemarker(CD68),butnotanMHCclassIIantigen, HLA-DR.Theresultsindicateapathogenesis:regardlessoftumouralhistology,OGCsderivefrommacrophages, likelyinresponsetohypervascularmicroenvironmentswithsecretionofcommoncytokines.TheOGCshave acquiredbone-osteoclast-likecharacteristics,butlostantigenpresentationabilitiesasananti-cancerdefense. AppearanceofOGCsmaynotbeanti-tumouralimmunologicalreactions,butratherpro-tumouraldifferentiationof macrophagerespondingtohypervascularmicroenvironmentsinducedbybreastcancer. Background Recentstudieshavealsofocusedontheirdirectorindir- Breast carcinoma with osteoclastic giant cells is a rare ect pro-tumoural functions: enhancement ofangiogen- entitythatfallsundertheWHOclassificationofinvasive esis and cancer cell growth and spread [4,6]. ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified [1]. This Macrophages secrete growth factors such as epidermal tumor is characterized by the presence of osteoclastic growth factor (EGF) a