Validation of an ambulatory cough detection and counting application using voluntary cough under different conditions 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Validation of an ambulatory cough detection and counting application using voluntary cough under different conditions 英文参考文献.doc

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Validation of an ambulatory cough detection and counting application using voluntary cough under different conditions 英文参考文献

Vizel et al. Cough 2010, 6:3 /content/6/1/3 Cough METHODOLOGY Open Access Validation of an ambulatory cough detection and Methodology counting application using voluntary cough under different conditions Eldad Vizel1, Mordechai Yigla2, Yulia Goryachev1, Eyal Dekel1, Vered Felis1, Hanna Levi1, Isaac Kroin1, Simon Godfrey1 and Noam Gavriely*1 Abstract Background: While cough is an important defence mechanism of the respiratory system, its chronic presence is bothersome and may indicate the presence of a serious disease. We hereby describe the validation process of a novel cough detection and counting technology (PulmoTrack-CC?, KarmelSonix, Haifa, Israel). Methods: Tracheal and chest wall sounds, ambient sounds and chest motion were digitally recorded, using the PulmoTrack? hardware, from healthy volunteers coughing voluntarily while (a) laying supine, (b) sitting, (c) sitting with strong ambient noise, (d) walking, and (e) climbing stairs, a total of 25 minutes per subject. The cough monitoring algorithm was applied to the recorded data to detect and count coughs. The detection algorithm first searches for cough candidates by identifying loud sounds with a cough pattern, followed by a secondary verification process based on detection of specific characteristics of cough. The recorded data were independently and blindly evaluated by trained experts who listened to the sounds and visually reviewed them on a sonogram display. The validation process was based on two methods: (i) Referring to an expert consensus as gold standard, and comparing each cough detected by the algorithm to the expert marking, we marked True and False, positive and negative detections.These values were used to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of the cough monitoring system. (ii) Counting the number of coughs in longer segments (t = 60 sec, n = 300) and plotting the cough count vs. the corresponding experts count whereby the linear regression equation, the regression coeffic