Victimization and PTSD-like states in an Icelandic youth probability sample 英文参考文献.docVIP

BMC Psychiatry BioMedCentral Research article Open Access Victimization and PTSD-like states in an Icelandic youth probability sample íris B?dvarsdóttir1 and Ask Elklit*2 Address: 1The National Diagnostic and Counselling Centre, Digranesvegi 5, 200 Kópavogur, Iceland and 2Department of Psychology, University of Aarhus, Jens Chr. Skous Vej 4, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Email: íris B?dvarsdóttir - iris@hsu.is; Ask Elklit* - aske@psy.au.dk * Corresponding author Published: 1 October 2007 Received: 29 November 2006 Accepted: 1 October 2007 BMC Psychiatry 2007, 7:51 doi:10.1186/1471-244X-7-51 This article is available from: /1471-244X/7/51 ? 2007 B?dvarsdóttir and Elklit; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Although adolescence in many cases is a period of rebellion and experimentation with new behaviors and roles, the exposure of adolescents to life-threatening and violent events has rarely been investigated in national probability studies using a broad range of events. Methods: In an Icelandic national representative sample of 206 9th-grade students (mean = 14.5 years), the prevalence of 20 potentially traumatic events and negative life events was reported, along with the psychological impact of these events. Results: Seventy-four percent of the girls and 79 percent of the boys were exposed to at least one event. The most common events were the death of a family member, threat of violence, and traffic accidents. The estimated lifetime prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder-like states (PTSD; DSM-IV, APA, 1994 [1]) was 16 percent, whereas another 12 percent reached a sub-clinical level of PTSD-like states (missing the full diagnosis with one symptom). Fol