Evaluation of the Correlation between Focal Adhesion Kinase？Phosphorylation and Cell Adhesion Force Using “DEP”？Technology.docVIP

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Evaluation of the Correlation between Focal Adhesion Kinase？Phosphorylation and Cell Adhesion Force Using “DEP”？Technology.doc

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Evaluation of the Correlation between Focal Adhesion Kinase？Phosphorylation and Cell Adhesion Force Using “DEP”？Technology

Sensors 2012, 12, 5951-5965; doi:10.3390/s120505951 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Article Evaluation of the Correlation between Focal Adhesion Kinase Phosphorylation and Cell Adhesion Force Using “DEP” Technology Chyung Ay 1, Chih-Chang Yeh 2, Min-Chih Hsu 1, Huaang-Youh Hurng 1, Philip Chi Lip Kwok 3 and Hsin-I. Chang 1,* 1 Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, National Chiayi University, No. 300, University Road, East District, Chiayi 600, Taiwan; E-Mails: cay@.tw (C.A.); lpslbsleo531@.tw (M.-C.H.); hungyu@.tw (H.-Y.H.) 2 Department of Orthopaedics, Chiayi Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No.600, Sec. 2, Shixian Road, West District, Chiayi City 60090, Taiwan; E-Mail: yeh215kimo@.tw 3 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong; E-Mail: pclkwok@hku.hk * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: hchang@.tw; Tel.: +886-5-271-7923; Fax: +886-5-271-7780. Received: 12 March 2012; in revised form: 24 April 2012 / Accepted: 28 April 2012 / Published: 8 May 2012 Abstract: Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is the phenomenon in which a particle, such as a living cell, is polarized and moved by electrical gravity in a non-uniform electric field. In the present study, the DEP force is utilized to act on the cells to induce spatial movement for investigating the correlation between the cell adhesion force and activation level of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). The DEP force produced by the non-uniform electric field was used to measure the cell adhesion force of ECV304 cells, on type 1 collagen (COL1)- and fibronectin (FN)-coated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes. For COL1-coating, ECV304 cells revealed weak and variable adhesion force (0.343–0.760 nN) in the first eight hours of incubation. Interestingly, the cell adhesion force of ECV304 at two and five hours of cultivation was significantly high an