《局部解剖学期末复习资料》Supracolic Compartment.pptVIP

思考题 何谓“胃床”？由哪些结构构成。胃后壁穿孔时，胃内含物可通过何结构到达何部位？ 试述胃的毗邻、血供和淋巴回流。 试述十二指肠的分段及各段毗邻。 熟悉肝的分段 试述胆总管的分段及胆汁的产生与排除的途径。 胰分为哪些部？各部分别与哪些结构毗邻？ 试述胰头的位置和毗邻，患胰头癌时可压迫哪些结构，引起哪些症状？ * * * * * Supracolic Compartment结肠上区 Ling Shucai Regional anatomy Relationships of abdominal viscera First layer－live, gallbladder, stomach（肝、胆囊、胃） Second layer－duodenum, pancreas, spleen （十二指肠、胰、脾） Third layer－suprarenal gland, kidney, ureter, inferior vena cava, abdominal aorta, nerves and lymphatics （肾上腺、肾、输尿管、下腔静脉、腹主动脉等。） Relationships of the stomach Anterior: Live (right part) Diaphragm (left upper part) Anterior abdominal wall (left lower part) Posterior－separated by peritonum of lesser sac from the following (“stumach-bed”) Pancreas Left suprarenal gland Left kidney Spleen Transverse colon and transvers mesoclon Arteries of stomach Left and right gastric arteries arise from celiac trunk and proper hepatic artery, repectively. These two vessels run in lesser omentum along lesser curvature , and anastomose end-to-end. Right and left gastroepiploic arteries arise from the gastroduodenal and splenic artery, repectively. Short gastric arteries, branches of splenic artery, course through the gastrosplenic ligament and supply the fundus of stomach. Posterior gastric artery (72%) arise from the splenic artery, course through the gastrophrenic ligament and supply the posterior wall of fundus of stomach. Venous drainage of stomach Right and left gastric veins empty directly into hepatic portal vein. Left gastroepiploic and short gastric veins drain into hepatic portal vein via the splenic vein. Right gastroepiploic vein join either superior mesenteric vein. Lymphatics of stomach Right and left gastric ln. lie along the same vessels and finally to the celiac ln. Right and left gastroomental ln. lie along the same vessels, the former drain into subpyloric ln., the latter drain into splinic ln. Supra- and subpyloric ln. receive lymphatics from pyloric part and finally to