25-减量规划：衰落型村庄发展新构想.pdf

减量规划：衰落型村庄发展新构想 【摘要】城乡统筹发展的重大决策使村庄被赋予与城市同等重要的地位，村庄建设一直是 城乡建设中的一项重要内容。然而在当前城乡架构中城市依然占据主导地位的格局下，不 少村庄由于内在机制等诸多因素，逐步呈现出衰落的表征。减量规划是近几年来针对国内 大城市高速外延扩张用地导致无地可用，而提出的一种土地增长模式，其实质是针对城市 蔓延问题的一种发展策略。在当前的村庄建设中，针对衰落型村庄，分析其发展现状及衰 落原因，在村庄建设中融入减量规划的内涵，构想衰落型村庄发展新思路，提出减量规划 视角下的村庄发展策略，并尝试构建衰落型村庄发展策略研究框架。 【关键词】减量规划；衰落型村庄；村庄规划；发展策略； Reduction planning ：New thoughts on the development of declining type village Abstract: A major decision of balancing urban and rural development give villages the equal importance to urban, the construction of villages has been an important part of the urban-rural construction. However, urban are still dominant in the current pattern of urban-rural, many villages due to the internal mechanism and other factors, gradually showing declining characterization. Reduction planning is a land-growth model for the extension and expansion of land of metropolitan in recent years, and its essence is the development strategy for the city spread. In the current construction of village, for the declining type village, analyze the development status and the reasons for decline, integrate reduction planning into the construction of village, conceive new thoughts on the development of declining type village, propose the development strategy of village in perspective of reduction planning, and try to build development strategy research framework of declining type village. Key words: reduction planning, declining type village, village planning, development strategy 引言 作为城市发展起源的乡村聚落，在文化、产业、结构方面与城市存在着诸多差异。在 我国，数量众多的乡村构成了广袤无垠的华夏大地的主要基底，乡村地域已经占到了中国 【1】 ① 陆域国土的95%以上 。截止到2013 年底，我国城镇化率已经达到53.73% ，城市人口已 然超越乡村人口。作为城镇化进程中的被动客体，为了应对城市在不断扩张中对乡村的“侵 蚀”，乡村在土地制度、经济产业、发展路径等方面与城市进行着多方位的 “博弈”。城 市的拉力促使乡村空间中物质、能量、信息等要素流向城市空间，由此产生了城市积极发 展，乡村被动应对的局面，城乡割裂的二元格局也由此形成。 外在表征