代自然地理学]教学大纲信息(国外英文资料).docVIP

代自然地理学]教学大纲信息(国外英文资料) Teaching outline information The composition, structure, movement and characteristics of the two layers Chapter 4 lithosphere and surface structure and contour of the earth Clark value, teaching important points: the earths crust meet several kinds of the most common minerals of lithosphere, find out the composition of three types of rock structure characteristics and on the ground and the proportion of the earths crust, the mutual transformation between three types of rocks and stress ellipsoid, continental drift and reason of ocean expansion, the distribution and causes of volcanoes, earthquakes, and of the lithosphere movement, Wilson cycle Teaching difficult points: geological cycle (the reciprocal transformation of three types of rocks), direction of stress ellipsoid can be used to explain regional fracture system and the nature of the cause of continental drift and ocean expansion. The composition of the lithosphere Chemical elements Containing the chemical elements in the crust listed most of the elements in the periodic table, and one of O, Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Na, K, Mg of 8 kinds of main elements accounted for more than 98%, other elements accounted for 1% ~ 2%. The composition of minerals Main ingredients of rock mineral, rock forming minerals, the most common type of rock forming minerals has the following several kinds: feldspar, quartz, mica, and hornblende, pyroxene and olivine Rock composition Igneous rock: igneous rock is dominated by magmatic rocks. Magmatic rocks are rocks formed by magma condensation, accounting for about 65 percent of the crusts total volume. Sedimentary rocks: rocks that are exposed to the surface of the earths crust, weathered, denuded, and deposited in place or through transport Rock formed by diagenesis.Metamorphic rocks: changes in the nature of rocks caused by the earths internal forces are often referred to as metamorphism. A rock formed by metamorphism is a metamorphic rock. The mutual conversion of the