GJ钢焊接工字型截面残余应力的测试与分析.pdf

摘 要 GJ 系列钢材是国产优质升级换代型建筑用钢，综合性能大大优于目前普遍采 用的低合金高强度结构钢，目前已开始运用于一些实际工程中，如国家奥运主体 育场、首都新机场、央视新大楼等建设项 目。但相关设计标准还未完善，构件试 验研究也有待开展。论文在此前已完成的 Q345GJ 钢材性研究的基础上，对 Q345GJ 钢三种规格的焊接工字型截面进行了残余应力测试及相应的有限元模拟分析。 试验部分主要采用钻盲孔法，试件均采用舞阳钢厂生产的 Q345GJ 钢，对三种 焊接工字型截面 400x400x16x25 、500x500x25x35、600x600x35x50 进行了残余应 力测试，其厚度覆盖了相应的钢板的企业厚度分组。试验时，对翼缘板的内外面 及腹板的左右面，沿外周边进行一道环向测点布置，间距大约为 20~60mm，在靠 近焊缝处间距较小，远离焊缝处间距较大；在试件长度方向，布置 1~3 道这样的 环向测点。 理论分析是采用大型通用有限元软件 ANSYS ，对三种焊接工字型截面建立三 维有限元模型并对其进行适当的简化，考虑了材料的非线性问题，对焊接过程进 行模拟。主要思路是用生热率模拟焊接热源，利用单元生死技术，沿焊缝长度方 向依次激活单元并施加热量，使热源的移动加载得以实现，进而得到任意时刻的 温度场；然后运用间接耦合法，将温度场分析结果作为载荷施加到有限元模型上， 计算得到应力场结果。 将试验结果与理论分析结果进行比较并加以综合，得到 Q345GJ 钢不同厚度组 别的焊接工字型截面残余应力分布规律，简化处理后作为后续研究的基础。 关键词：Q345GJ 结构钢，残余应力，盲孔法，数值模拟 I ABSTRACT The new domestic series of high-performance steel GJ is the quality of upgrading and transforming steel for construction, which has a better overall performance than low-alloy high-strength structural steel used generally in present. Now it has been used in several construction projects, such as The Main Stadium for Olympic Games, the new airport in the national capital, CCTV new building.But the related design criteria hasn’t been consummated,and the tests of members also need to be carried out. The residual stress of three types of welded I-shaped cross sectional members, 400x400x16x25, 500x500x25x35, 600x600x35x50 are tested, using blind-hole method.The material is Q345GJ structure steel which is manufactured by Wuyang steel company.The selected thickness of the plate has coverd the relevant thickness groups of Q345GJ structure steel.In the tests,the measure point is arranged along the outline of the I-shaped cross section.The spa