19271937年的高校女教师研究.pdfVIP

摘要 国民政府定都南京的十年之间，社会比较稳定，经济发展较快，高校女教师与以前相 比发生了一些明显的变化。她们大多出生于仕绅家庭或官宦之家，家境良好，接受过良好 的家庭教育和中西合璧的现代学校教育，这使得她们表现出较好的文化和知识素养，从事 的职业也为她们在社会上赢得较高的社会声誉。高校女教师有着比较高的经济收入水平， 有着比较现代的独立自主意识。她们在生活方式、社会地位以及对社会产生的影响方面与 以往的女性甚至是同时期的女性相比，都有比较明显的不同。在职业生活上，她们大多具 有较高的教学水平和学术水平，但是受传统的男强女弱观念的影响，女教师在职务的担任 和职称的评比上仍受到一定的歧视。在婚姻生活上，高校女教师不畏传统的婚姻道德伦理， 选择婚姻更加的谨慎，对对方的要求更加注重精神的交流和一致。但是长达几个世纪的旧 的伦理道德观念并不是瞬间能够瓦解的，这种矛盾在高校女教师的身上表现的尤为明显， 她们思想上先进，行动上落后。高校女教师的婚姻是考察近代社会变迁的一个窗口。在社 会生活上，高校女教师在争取女性权益、捍卫就业权利过程中发挥了巨大作用，她们通过 宣传、抗争为女性权益的保障贡献力量。高校女教师在国家多灾多难之秋，或者以笔为武 器对社会问题发表自己的见解，或者积极参与社会活动，通过各种途径、方式做出了自己 的贡献。高校女教师作为新兴职业女性中的重要一部分，凭借着其顽强的实干精神和辉煌 的诸多业绩，在中国女性史上谱下了绚丽的一章。 关键词：高校女教师； 婚姻自主； 妇女解放； 历史惰性 Abstract During the ten years of the national government capital in Nanjing , social situation had been stable and rapid economic development had achieved, the female teachers in colleges had some significant changes. Most of them were born in gentlemen families or aristocratic families which were wealthy, and received good family education and modern school education of Chinese and western system. They had relatively high cultural quality, occupations which they occupied brought them high social prestige. As college female teachers with independent consciousness, they had independent economic incomes and were different from the former women. Whether their living style, social class or social influence was all different from the former women and as well as from the other female women in society. In the professional life, most of them had higher teaching and academic level, but under the influence of the traditional idea that man was strong while women was weak, female teachers still got a degree of discrimination on the dutie