定语从句名词性从句语法.doc

名词性从句包括四类, 分别是: 主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句, 同位语从句 1、示例: When the broadcast station will be ready is unknown. 　　 What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world. 2、应注意的问题: 　　1.以that引导主语从句时, 常用it作形式主语, 而把真正主语后移, 如在以下句型中就是如此: It is + adj / n + that...; It is said / reported / hoped that... 　　a. It is certain that fuels like coal and oil cause a lot of pollution. 　　b. It was said that only three people in the world could understand it at that time. 　　2.whether引导主语从句时, 常置于句首 (此时whether不能用if代替), 也有后移的用法 (此时whether可以用if代替) 　　a. Whether they will come is not yet known. b. It is not yet known whether they will go there. 比较：whether与if 均为\是否\的意思。 但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代： 1. whether引导主语从句并在句首 Whether they will come is not yet known.2. 引导表语从句 The question is whether we can catch the early bus.3. whether从句作介词宾语 I don’t know whether he will come.4. 从句后有\or not\ I don’t know whether he will come or not.5.置于不定式之前时: I don’t know whether to go. 　　3.连接代词who, what, which和连接副词when, where, how, why引导主语从句时, 一般不后移 　　a. What I told you last night was really true. 　　b. Which team will win the game is not yet known. 　　c. How they went to the USA is still a puzzle. 1、示例: 　　1.谓语动词的宾语从句: 　　a. They knew that the habit may kill them. 　　b. She asked whether / if there were any chemist’s shops in this street. 　　2.非谓语动词的宾语从句: 　　a. Having known what he had done in school, his father was very angry. 　　3.介词的宾语从句: 　　a. They talked half an hour about what happened in the school. 　　b. He is pleased with what we did yesterday. 　　2、应注意的问题: 　　1.句中有宾语从句且有宾补时, 通常用it作形式宾语, 而把宾语从句移到宾补后 　　a. We think it wrong that he didn’t help Tom. 　　b. I feel it possible that you will finish the work in a day. 　　2.that从句一般不作介词的宾语, 但except等少数表示 除外的介词除外 　　a. I know nothing about him except that he lives next door. 　　3.关于主句和宾语从句的时态呼应: 　　①.如果主句是过去时, 宾语从句应是过去范畴的某时态 　　a. He said he would fly to Egypt next day. 　　b. He remembered that he had left her umbrella in the library. 　　②.如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象, 可以保持现在范畴时态, 而不与主句时