英语必修四unit-3语法精讲.ppt

Grammar Revision -ing形式作主语和宾语的用法 Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. Talking to him is talking to a wall. 2. Smoking may cause cancer. 对他说话等于对牛弹琴。 吸烟会致癌。 3. Walking is my sole exercise. 4. Talking mends no holes. 5. I suggest bringing the meeting to an end. 散步是我唯一的运动。 （谚）空谈无济于事。 我建议结束会议。 6. He admitted taking the money. 7. I couldn’t help laughing. 8. Your coat needs brushing. 他承认钱是他拿的。 我禁不住笑了起来。 你的大衣需要刷一下。 -ing形式作定语, 宾语补足语和表语 一、-ing形式作定语 1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能, 也可以表示被修饰者正在进行的动作。被修饰的名词与动名词没有逻辑上的主谓关系；可用“名词+for+动名词”来表达，如： building materials = materials for building 建筑材料 drinking water = water for drinking a walking stick = a stick for walking a reading room = a room for reading a writing desk = a desk for writing A running car=a car that is running A crying baby=a baby that is crying tiring music a surprising result 2. -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如： 1）They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 2）The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如： His brother, working as a teacher, lives inBeijing. = His brother, who is working/who works as a teacher, lives in Beijing. The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. = The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. 二、-ing形式作宾语补足语 1. 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的动作或一直做某事的状态。如： When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. We found the snake eating the eggs. I found a bag lying on the ground. The boss kept the workers working the whole night. 2. 能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词 使 听 摸 看 make, have, let, get, leave, keep listen to, hear feel look at, see, watch, notice, observe, find catch 注：当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语的动词-in