试论老子的历史观及其影响.pdfVIP

摘 要 老子，约生活于前571 年至前471 年之间，是我国春秋战国时期伟大的哲学家、思想 家，道家学派创始人，以“道”为核心，提出“道法自然”“无为而无不为”“反者道之动” “小国寡民”等著名命题。 本文拟从“道法自然”、“反者道之动”和“小国寡民”的三方面着手，简单概括老子 的历史观及其对后世的影响，最后对老子的历史观作一简要评价。本文共分四部分，分别 是老子其人其书、老子的历史观、老子历史观的影响、对老子历史观的评价。首先，在文 章第一部分，简单概述老子其人其书。其次，在老子的历史观部分，分为以下几方面：第 一，分别阐述老子“道法自然”、“反者道之动”和“小国寡民”的历史观；第二，对比与 孔子、墨子的历史观。再次，在老子历史观的影响部分，分为对先秦诸子（庄子、荀子、 韩非子）的影响和对后世（王弼、柳宗元、王夫之）的影响。最后，第四部分是对老子历 史观的评价，通过相关分析，得出结论，意在说明老子的历史观的影响与作用。 关键词：老子；历史观；影响；评价 万方数据 Abstract Lao Tze was about living in the year 571 BC to 471 BC, which was a great thinker and a philosopher in the Spring and Autumn period, he was the founder of Taoism. Tao as the core, put forward the imitation of nature and Inaction on the move and small territory and population and other well-known proposition. This Graduation thesis is from the imitation of nature, on the move and small territory and population of the three aspects of historical view, simply summarized Lao Tze and its impact on future generations, finally to make a simple evaluation view of history about Lao Tze. This Graduation thesis is divided into four parts, including Lao Tze and Tao Te Ching, the view of history about Lao Tze, historical influence on Lao Tze, the evaluation of Lao Tze historical. First of all, which is a brief overview of the background of Lao Tze and his book. In the part of Lao Tze view of history, which divided into the following several aspects: firstly, I will state respectively on Lao Tze imitation of nature, on the move and small territory and population view of history; second ly, compared with Confucius, Mo-tses historical. In the next part of e ffect about Lao Tze in view of history, which d