姜堰中学高考英语情态动词.docVIP

情态动词和虚拟语气讲解一、情态动词 (一)情态动词的基本用法 1. cancould (1)表“”。 Just be patient. You can’t expect the world to change s soon. We couldn’t eat in a restaurant because none of us had any money on us. (2)表“”。回答could的提问用can，一般用could。 --Could I use your bike? ---Yes, surely you can . (3)could一般表过去的能力；若表示过去的能力得到了，一般用was／were able to，用could。 The fire spread throughout the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out2. may/might (1)表“”(=can)。若表示“不可以、禁止”，用’t或’t。回答might的提问may，一般用might。 May I take the book out? B: ---I’m afraid not. A: ---Might I use your pen? B: ---Yes, of course you may . A: ---May I watch TV now? B: ---No, you mustn’t . (2)may表“”，置句，主谓倒装。 Good luck to youand may all your wishes come true! 3. must／have to (1)表“”。must强调看法；have to强调需要。This is a bad party---We really must go. This is a lovely party, but we have to go because of our baby. (2)mustn’t意为“、”；haven’t to意为 “” (=needn’t)。 You mustn’t practice the drums while the baby is sleeping. (3)must表“、”。 Why must you always interrupt me? May I smoke here? B: ---If you must, choose a seat in the smoking section. (4)以must开头的一般疑问句，若要作否定回答，用needn’t或haven’t to，一般用mustn’t。 Must I come at four o’clock? B: ---Oh, no. You needn’t come at four. 4. ought to／should (1)意为“应该”，表或ought to的语气比should稍。It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack should be here at any moment. (2)should表“、”。 You can’t imagine that a well—behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady. If you should have any difficulty in getting spare partsring this number. 5. need (1)意为“需要”，作情态动词用时，须跟动词，人称、数、时态的变化，一般只用于句或句中。在句中一般用作行为动词。 --I don’t mind telling you what I know. ---You needn’t. I’m not asking you for it. I don’t think he need buy a new computer. (2)以need开头的一般疑问句，若要作肯定回答，用must，一般用need。 Need I come? ---Yes, you must. 6. dare 意为“敢”，作情态动词用时，须跟动词，过去式(dared)，人称、数的变化，主要用于句、句或句中。在句中一般用作行为动词。 wonder how he dared say that to the teacher. She doesn’t dare to tell the boss because she doesn’t want to make trouble. 7. shall (1)用于疑问句中征求意见，主语是第、人称。