定语从句3--18.ppt

the attributive clause 定 语 从 句 * * 一）定义及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等； 关系副词有when, where, why等 关系词通常有下列三个作用： A、引导定语从句； B、代替先行词； C、在定语从句中担当一个成分 e.g. The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.? （二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who? 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning 2．whom? 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr. Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时 常可省略。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers . This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday 4．that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. The person (that /whom) you introduced to me is very kind. The season that / which comes after spring is summer. 5．whose? 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替： The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. （三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。 The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous. The school in which he once studied is very famous. Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for. Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked. This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday. The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. The manager in whose com