Chapter11 FIELD EQUATIONS AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS IN FLUID MECHANICS.ppt东鹏已改cyt已改概要1.pptxVIP

Chapter 11 FIELD EQUATIONS AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS IN FLUID MECHANICS 1 From Eq.(7.3-3), we have: 11.1 THE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS （11.1-1） where σij is the stress component, p is static pressure, λ is friction loss factors, μ is viscosity and Vij is the rate-of-deformation tensor. 2 Eulerian equation of motion of a continuum What is worth mentioning is that Xi here is not body force per unit volume but body force per unit mass THE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS (CONT’) 3 Then we obtain the Navier-Stokes equations: With the equation of continuity Eq.(10.5-3), we have If the fluid is incompressible, then (no thermodynamic considerations need be introduced explicitly) Then （11.1-2） （11.1-3） （11.1-4） （11.1-5） THE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS (CONT’) 4 The Navier-Stokes equation is simplified to Written out in components, these are Where is the kinematic viscosity and （11.1-6） （11.1-7） THE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS (CONT’) 5 The solution of the Navier-Stokes equation is the central problem in fluid mechanics. For the equation is nonlinear, generally, it is difficult to solve. Usually, we should do some adjustments to the boundary conditions. For “perfect fluids”, we relinquish the no-slip condition at the solid-fluid interface. As a consequence, sometimes the resulting simpler mathematical problems lead to difficulties in physical interpretation. THE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS (CONT’) 6 The fluid must not penetrate the solid if it is impermeable to the fluid, so the relative velocity component of the fluid normal to the solid surface must vanish. At the same time, the no-slip condition should be satisfied at the solid-fluid interface. The no-slip condition requires that the velocity of the fluid should be equated with the solid at the solid-fluid interface. The velocity changes continuously from zero at the surface to the free-stream value some distance away. 11.2 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS AT A SOLID-FLUID INTERFACE 7 In fact, the no-slip condition must be imposed for all r