虚拟语气复习.ppt崔建丽.ppt

虚拟语气 The subjunctive Mood 三种情况的虚拟语气句型基本结构： Some examples: 造句练习（一）对现在虚拟 1．If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） 2．If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道） （二）对过去虚拟 1． If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 （事实：去晚了） 2．If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。 （事实：没有听我的话） 注意事项 1\当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were,should,had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。eg： Should he agree to go there,we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。 Were she here,she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 2\虚拟条件状语在从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Werent I to do. 总之，可以用should,were,had放在句首，不可用否定缩略式weren’t,hadn’t,shouldn’t前置放在句首。 3\在虚拟条件句中，常会有混合虚拟的情况，即，主句对过去虚拟，从句对现在虚拟；或者主句对现在虚拟，从句对过去虚拟的情况。 【注意】：省略if后，句首不能出现动词的缩略形式，如： If it weren’t for the high expense,I would go to America. →Weren’t it for the high expense, I would go to America.( ) →Were it not for the high expense,I would go to America.( ) 常见虚拟单词 一想要( desire ) 一宁愿( prefer ) 一坚持( insist )二命令( order , command ) 三建议( advise , suggest , propose/recommend) 四要求( demand , require , request , ask)中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：“should + do”。should可以省略。 eg：He suggested that we (should) take the teachers advice. He insisted that we (should) take the teachers advice. He demand that we (should) take the teachers advice. He ordered that we (should) take the teachers advice. 注意事项 insist 意为“坚持某种动作”才用虚拟语气；意为“坚持某种观点，某个事实”则不用虚拟语气。 eg： He insists he is a student. 他坚持说他是个学生。 这个语句表示的是事实，因此在这个语句中不能使用虚拟语气。 suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示”则不用虚拟语气。 eg： His face suggests that he looks worried . 他的表情暗含着他很担心。 这个句子本身是事实，因此它就没有用到虚拟语气。 总结： wish If only +句子 As if * 语气 英语的语气分三大类： 陈述语气：用来叙述一件事实。 祈使语气：表达说话人的请求或命令。 虚拟语气：表示说话人的假设,愿望, 猜测, 而不是表示客观存在的事实。 真实条件句和虚拟条件 真实条件句：If I have time, I will go to see you.