非谓语复习(2014-2015).ppt

非谓语动词 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式(to do)，动名词(doing)和分词（现在分词doing和过去分词done），即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。 对比谓语动词的形式： do,did,be to do, be doing, be done, have/had done… 找非谓语动词的逻辑主语 1. 当非谓语充当句子的宾语/表语/状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语。 _______ (see) from the hill, you can see the whole city. _______ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful. 2. 当非谓语充当句子的定语，逻辑主语是定语所修饰的名词。 Some of the questions_______ by the students were very difficult to answer. (raise) The man _________ to the teacher is Mary’s father. (speak) 3. 当非谓语充当句子的宾补，逻辑主语是句子的宾语。 Do you hear someone ______(call) you? I heard my name ______(call) several times. 补充考点： 1. 现在分词作结果状语，强调一种必然的因果关系，而动词不定式作结果状语，通常表示一种出乎意料的结果。常在动词不定式前加only，用来强调惊讶或失望。 His parents died, _______ the baby an orphan. (leave) He hurried to the station, only ________ that the train had left. (tell) 2. 分词表示伴随的动作，常可以改成并列句。 He lay on the grass, ______ into the sky. =He lay on the grass and ______ into the sky. （look） 3. 分词表示结果时，常可改成非限制性定语从句。 China has a population of 1.3 billion, ______ it the largest country in the world. (make) = China has a population of 1.3 billion, which _____ it the largest country in the world. 4. 为了使分词与主句关系更清楚，有时不省略连词when,if, though,once 等。 Even if (I am) invited, I will not go to the party. When (it is) heated, water becomes vapor. 5. 分词的主语与主句的主语不一致时，分词的主语要保留，称为独立主格结构。 It being Sunday, I plan to go outing with my friends. So many students being absent, the meeting had to be put off.? 6. 区别句子： The building ______ last year is a hospital now. The building _________ now will be a hospital. The building __________ next year will be hospital. Eating the breakfast, I went downstairs. 边吃早餐边下楼 Having eaten the breakfast, I went downstairs. 已经吃完早餐再下楼 7. 固定搭配： The little girl who _________ in white is Mary’s younger sister. =The little girl ______ in white is Mary’s younger sister. = The little girl ________ herself in white is Mary’s younger sister. dress oneself in …=be dressed in… 类似的短语： seat