shear test[剪切试验].pptVIP

Vertical load is recorded using a proving ring Axial deformation of the soil sample is recorded using a dial gauge. Measurements [量测] Undrained shear strength [不排水抗剪强度] (cu) of the soil sample is given by: Interpretation [分析] cu 4. Vane shear test 旁压试验 Saturated soil Non-saturated soil Dry soil Compreesion Expansion 5.6 Pore pressure coefficients in Triaxial test [三轴剪切试验中的孔隙水压力系数] 第五章 土的抗剪强度Chapter 5 Shear Strength of Soil In this lecture, we’ll learn A simple friction model [摩擦力模型] Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria [莫尔-库伦破坏准则] Principal stresses [主应力] Mohr’s stress circle [莫尔应力圆] Shear test[剪切试验] shear failure plane [剪破面] 5.1 Simple Friction Model 摩擦力模型 A wooden block is pushed by a given horizontal force (H) against the surface of a table as shown in figure on the top right. Friction [摩擦力] (T) is the reaction [反力] of H and normal force [法向力] (N) is the reaction of the weight W. Figure on the bottom right shows the change of T with displacement [位移] x. When T is smaller than Tlimit, there is no displacement of the block. When T reaches a limiting value [极限值] Tlimit, the block starts to slide [滑动] on the surface of the table. Displacement [位移] x T x Tlimit This limiting value of friction (Tlimit) is related to N by the following expression: where ? is the coefficient of friction [摩擦力糸数] between the table and the block. ? is independent of N and is expressed as: where ?’ is the angle of friction [摩擦角]. The horizontal surface between the block and the table is called the slip plane [滑动面]. Similarly, friction [摩擦力] also exists within the inter-particle contact [土粒之间的接触面] of a conglomerate（聚集物） of soil particles When the soil particles start to slide [滑动] against each other along a given slip plane, what are normal effective stress [法向有效应力] at failure (?’nf), shear stress [切向应力] at failure (?f) and direction of this slip plane [滑动面方向] ? 滑动 滑动 5.2 stress state 应力状态 1. Normal stress [法向应力] 2. Shear stress [切向应力] Figure below shows the normal a