高等植物核型雄性不育的分子机理研究进展.pdfVIP

江苏农业学报(]iangsu ofAgr．Sci．)，2007，23(6)：647～651 647 _-_ I__- 口 同 等植物核型雄性不育的分子机理研究进展 丁雅洁， 张学琴 (中国农业大学生物学院，植物生理学与生物化学国家重点实验室，北京 100094) 摘要： 近10年来，雄性不育在杂交育种中得到了广泛运用，它为利用杂种优势对农作物进行轮回选择和群 体改良提供了重要工具。同时在生命科学研究中，雄性不育也为花粉发育、细胞质遗传和核质互作的研究提供了 重要材料。以前对植物雄性不育的研究多定位于描述性和细胞水平的研究，对其分子机制了解较少。近年来，随 着在模式植物中克隆到的与雄性育性有关的突变基因的数量不断增多，对雄性不育的分子机理的研究也逐步深 入。迄今已知，在雄配子体及其营养组织的发育、花粉与雌性器官的识别以及随后的双受精过程中，都有相关基因 在进行调控。本文针对细胞核雄性不育，按雄性生殖器官发育的顺序，结合分子生物学、细胞学和遗传学研究结 果，对高等植物核型雄性不育分子机理的研究进展进行综述。 关键词：高等植物；核型雄性不育；分子机理 中图分类号：Q943 文献标识码：A 文章编号： 1000-4440(2007)06-0647—05 Molecular Mechanisms of Nucleic-type Male Sterility in Higher Plants DING Ya-jie， ZHANG Xue—qin (State Key Laboratory ofPlant Physiology and Biochemistry，College ofBiological Sciences，China Agricultural University，Beijing 100094，China) Abstract： An understanding of male sterility provides an opportunity to speculate on molecular mechanisms that might be applied to hybrid production．Meanwhile，it offers insight into gene regulation of plant pollen development，cytoplas— mic inheritance and cytoplasm—nucleus interactions．Male sterility has been the subject of intense research at cellular level 0一 ver dozens of years，however，the basic molecular mechanisms that cause or contribute to male sterility remain unclear．Re— cently，the isolation and characterization of male sterility related genes have shed light on molecular mechanisms underlying male sterility．It has been shown that various genes are involved in controlling physiological processes，such as the develop— ment of male gametes and vegetative tissues，the pollen—stigma recognition，and the subsequent double fertilization．With a focus on nucleic male sterility，this review summarizes recent research on male sterile mutants and related genes with a mul— tifaceted approach，including cell biology