第3章 空间查询语言.ppt

Oracle 9i 是Oracle 公司开发的对象-关系数据库管理系统（OR-DBMS）； OR-DBMS实现了SQL3标准的一部分，ADT在这种系统中称作“对象类型” （Object Type） 建立点对象 CREATE TYPE Point AS OBJECT ( x NUMBER, y NUMBER, MEMBER FUNCTION Distance ( P2 IN Point ) RETURN NUMBER PRAGMA RESTRICT_REERENCES ( Distance, WNDS)); ………… CREATE TABLE City ( Name varchar(30) Country varchar(30) Pop Number Shape Point ); City的对象-关系模式可定义为 首先创建一个中间简单类型 LineType CREATE TYPE LineType AS VARRY (500) OF Point 创建线对象LineString (ADT) CREATE TYPE LineString AS OBJECT ( Num_of_Points INT Geometry LintType MEMBER FUNCTION Length (SELF IN) RETURN NUMBER, PRAGMA RESTRICT_REERENCES(LENGTH, WNDS)); CREATE TYPE River ( Name Varchar (30) Origin Varchar(30) Length number, Shape LineString ); INSERT INTO RIVER (“MISSISSIPPI”, “USA”, 6000, LineString(3, LineType(Point(1,1), Point(1,2), Point(2,3))) CREATE TYPE PolyType AS VARRAY (1000) OF Point CREATE TYPE Polygon AS OBJECT ( Num_of_Points INT, Geometry PolyType, MEMBER UNCTION Area(SELF IN) RETURN NUMBER, PRAGMA RESTRICT_REERENCES(Area, WNDS)); CREATE TABLE Country ( Name Varchar (30) Cont Varchar (30) Pop int, GDP number, Life-Exp number, Shape Polygon ); INSERT INTO Country ( “Mexico”, “NAM”, 107.5, 694.3, 69.36, Polygon(23, Polytype(Point(1,1) ,……..,Point(1,1))) 找出City表列出的所有城市两两之间的距离 SELECT C1.Name, C1.Distance(C2.Shape) AS “Distance” FROM City C1, City C2 WHERE C1.Name C2.Name SELECT C2.Name, C2.Pop, C2.Area() AS “Area” FROM Country C1, Country C2 WHERE C1.Name = “USA” AND C1.Touch(C2.Shape) = 1 列出与美国接壤的国家的名字、人口和国土面积 ADT函数 拓扑谓词 关系代数是关系模型的一种形式化查询语言，极少在关系系统中实现，但却是SQL的核心； SQL是应用最为广泛的查询语言，增加了许多重要的函数对RA进行扩展。 SQ