食人主义和女性主义翻译.ppt

Cannibalist Approaches Long-standing notion of the translation :inferior to the original Recent work in translation studies has challenged this notion，and a major source of that challenge comes from the domains of the fearsome cannibals， which is originated from Brazil. Once upon a time，in the16th century, in what is now Brazil，members of the Tupinamba tribe devoured a Catholic priest, Father Sardinha. The devouring of the priest is not an illogical act on the part of the Tupinamba，and may even be said to have been an act of homage. In the 1920s，a group of Brazilian writers returned to that story in an attempt to rethink the relationship which Latin Americans had with Europe，for Europe was regarded as the great Original，the starting point，and the colonies were therefore copies，or ‘translations’ of Europe，which they were supposed to duplicate. The metaphor of cannibalism is proposed in Oswald de Andrade’s Manifesto Antropofago（1928）as a way forward for Brazilian culture. The cannibalistic metaphor in translation studies has come to be used to demonstrate to translators what they can do with a text. From the1960s, with the poetical work of the de Campos brothers，the metaphor has been used by the strong Brazilian translation-studies community to stand for the experience of colonization and translation： the colonizers and their language are devoured，their life force invigorating the devourers，but in a new purified and energized form that is appropriate to the needs of the native peoples. Translation， according to Haraldode Campos whose work is discussed in detail by Else Vieira may be likened to a blood transfusion, where the emphasis is on the health and nourishment of the translator. For Vieira，as a translation practice，cannibalism can be defined as a symbolic and respectful，even amorous devouring of the ST，a transfusion of blood. Feeding on the ambivalent postcolonial relation between the central source culture and the peripheral target culture，cannibalis