第二章翻译的过程汇编.ppt

第二章 翻译的过程 教学内容 一、理解 二、表达 三、校对 四、翻译工作者的素质 一、理解 一）、理解语言现象 1. 准确理解词义 2. 正确分析句子结构 3. 惯用法 二）、理解逻辑关系 三）、理解原文涉及的事物 理解语言现象——准确理解词义 根据上下文辨明词义，看该词在上下文处于什么地位，并与上下文有什么样的逻辑关系，由此判断和取舍决定其意义，以easy 的不同搭配为例： 1. The place is easy to reach. easy: not difficult; done or obtained without great effort. 译文： 那地方容易到达。 2. He is leading an easy life. easy: free from pain, discomfort, anxiety, trouble, etc 译文： 他正过着安逸舒适的生活。 理解语言现象——准确理解词义 3. They have easy manners easy: not stiff or embarrassed 译文： 他举止从容。 4. That old woman is an easy prey. easy: readily exploited, cheated, etc. 译文：那个老妇人容易被骗。 5. She is an easy woman. easy: promiscuous;loose 译文：她是个荡妇。 理解语言现象——准确理解词义 6. an easy teacher easy: Not strict or severe; lenient 译文：一位宽容的老师 7. Commodities are easier this quarter. easy: Less in demand and therefore readily obtainable 译文：本季商品比较充裕。 8. This musics easy on the ear late at night. easy：pleasant to listen to or look at 译文：这音乐夜晚听起来很好听。 理解语言现象——准确理解词义 从上下文理解多义词break的词义。 Suddenly the line went limp. Im going back, said Kurth. We must have a break somewhere, wait for me. Ill be back in five minutes. break既可以作“断”解，也可以作“休息”解释。这里上下文决定break.... 译文：突然电线耷拉下来。库尔思说，“我回去看看。一定是哪个地方断了。等一等，我五分钟就回来。” 理解语言现象——正确分析句子结构 正确分析原文句子结构，以免理解错误，表达错误。 It will strengthen you to know that your distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated. 译文：当您认识到您的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏时，您就会为自己增添力量。 Jane does not work hard because she wants to earn money. 译文：简并不是因为想赚钱才下力干的 理解语言现象——惯用法 注意一些词语的惯用法，否则完全理解错原文意思。 John is now with his parents in New York City; it is already three years since he was a bandmaster. since:这里的持续性动词或静态动词用一般过去时意味着动词所表示的动作或状态已经不存在了，即他不再担任乐队指挥了。（参照《新编英语语法教程》章振邦，第147页） 译文：约翰现同父母住在纽约市；他不担任乐队指挥已三年了。 二、理解逻辑关系 It is good for him to do that. 译文一：这样做对他有好处。 译文二：他这样做是件好事。 By the frist evening, the number of Germans on the island had been more than doubled, and was progressively reinforce—by parachute drop, by glider, and, from the seconde evening onward, by troop carriers. carrier可以是“运输机”，也可以是“