焦距、光圈、ISO、快门、景深的基础知识（Basic knowledge of focal length, aperture, ISO, shutter, depth of field）.docVIP

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2017-07-22 发布于河南
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焦距、光圈、ISO、快门、景深的基础知识（Basic knowledge of focal length, aperture, ISO, shutter, depth of field）.doc

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焦距、光圈、ISO、快门、景深的基础知识（Basic knowledge of focal length, aperture, ISO, shutter, depth of field）

焦距、光圈、ISO、快门、景深的基础知识（Basic knowledge of focal length, aperture, ISO, shutter, depth of field） focal length Focal length: the distance from the incident point of light to the focal plane. The lens is divided into two types: the focal distance (only one focal length) and the zoom (with multiple focal lengths). 135 traditional film cameras: Standard lens - focal length of 50mm, viewing angle of 46o Wide angle lens -- focal length 18~35mm, angle of view is 60o~100o Fish eye lens - focal length 6~8mm, angle of view is 180o~220o Telephoto lens - focal length 80~300mm, angle of view is 28o~8o Ultra long focal lens -- focal length 400~1200mm, angle of view is 6o~2o Equivalent magnification = (135 frames diagonal length) / (diagonal length of photosensitive device) aperture Aperture (light area) determines the amount of light in unit time. The size is indicated by F/ value: the smaller the value, the larger the aperture, and the larger the value, the smaller the aperture. The aperture of the zoom lens is divided into a constant aperture (whether the focal length of the lens is at the wide-angle end or the long focal end, and the maximum aperture is unchanged. Marks such as 80-200mm, 1:2.8, D) and variable aperture (the focal length of the lens at the wide-angle end and the long focal end, the maximum aperture is different. Logo such as 24-85mm, 1:2.8-4, D) shutter Shutter speed (light time): the length of time light sensitive to photosensitive elements B door: shutter speed is controlled manually. Safety shutter: the shutter speed used is equal to or greater than the focal length of the lens. Sensitivity ISO Sensitivity (or ISO) refers to the ability of a photoreceptor to feel light. In the traditional era of photography, the photoreceptor was the negative, and in the digital photography era, the camera used CCD or CMOS as the photosensitive component. The higher the sensitivity (that is, the higher the ISO value), the less light you need to shoot, and the lower the sensitiv