英概第五讲Unit 3.pptVIP

* * Oct .24 Unit Three: History Question: How has Britain evolved into a nation state, risen into an empire and then declined? Requirement: write down the names of kings and houses and try to make some family trees. Part I: Early Britain (Before 1066) 1. Prehistoric times 2. Roman Britain 3. Anglo-Saxon Britain Part II: Medieval Britain(1066-1485) I. Britain under the Norman kings 1.William? the Domesday Book(1086) --- survey of population, lands and property 2. Henry II: built an enormous empire including much of Ireland 3. Richard I (Henry IIs son)--the Lion Heartking(took part in the Third Crusade against Muslims of the Middle East and defended his French territories against France) II. Decline of feudalism 1. King John: 1) lost lots of French territories 2) was against the feudal nobility and the leading Church --As a result, a royal council of twenty-five barons was formed so as to impose(强加) legal limits on the Kings personal power. 2. Herry III: the first elected Great Council(大议 会)was summoned(召集) by Simon de Montfort in 1265. 3. King Edward Is invasion of Walse and Scotland(英国败，苏格兰保持独立并有自己 的国王和法律) 4. Hundred Years War(1337-1453): --- Joan of Arc(圣女贞德) 后果：The war destroyed the feudal nobility(权贵) and therefore brought about a new social order(见下页). Internationally, by ending Englands status as a power on the Continent, it led the English to expand their power at sea. 5. the Black Death--- made labours were in short supply in short supply, and the peasants could become free wage earners. Such a fatal attack on the system of the serfdom(农奴制) signaled a significant decline of the feudal system. 6. the Wars of the Roses (b