使用形式主语必须明白五大问题.docVIP

使用形式主语必须明白五大问题一、形式主语可代替哪些成分 it用作形式主语时可代替不定式、动名词、从句等。一般说来,当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时,为保持句子平衡,通常把真正的主语放在句末,而在句首使用形式主语it。如: It was nice to meet you. 很高兴见到你。 It was nice seeing you. 那次和你见面,我很高兴。 It is a pity that she failed the driving examination. 她没通过驾驶考试真是遗憾。 二、形式主语通常在哪些句式中代替动名词 it用作形式主语代替动名词的用法主要见于以下句式: 1. It is no use (no good,fun,great fun,a new experience,a great honour,etc) doing sth. 如: It is no good talking. 空谈是没有用的。 Its fun working for him. 为他工作很有意思。 Its great fun sailing a boat. 扬帆驾舟十分有趣。 Its no use shouting at him―he’s deaf. 向他叫喊是没有用的――他耳聋。 It has been a great honour your coming to visit us. 你来看望是我们极大的荣幸。 2. It is good (nice,useless,interesting,pleasant,tiring,etc) doing sth. 如: It is useless speaking. 光说没有用。 It was pleasant sitting there. 坐在那里很愉快。 It’s so nice sitting here with you. 和你坐在一起真好。 Its good hearing English spoken. 听到人讲英语,我很高兴。 Its terribly tiring working late like this. 这样干到深夜是非常累人的。 3. It is worth while doing sth. 如: Its worth while doing the work. 这项工作值得做。 Do you think its worth while quarrelling with me? 你认为和我吵值得吗? 4. 其他句式。如: It doesnt matter wasting a little money. 浪费一点钱没有关系。 It felt funny being dressed like a peasant girl. 打扮成村姑感到有点怪怪的。 Whats it like being married? 结婚是什么味道? 三、形式主语可用于代替哪些从句 原则上说,it用作形式主语可以代替下列从句: 1. that从句 It is quite clear that he has read the book. 很显然,他读过这本书。 2. what从句 It doesnt matter what he says. 他说什么没关系。 It was clear enough what he meant. 他的意思是很明显的。 3. who从句 It hasnt been decided who will be sent to work there. 还没决定将派谁到那里工作。 4. how从句 It struck her how gentle he was being. 她深深感到他多么温存。 5. when从句 It hasnt been made clear when the conference is to take place. 会议什么时候召开还没有宣布。 6. where从句 Its not known where she went. 她到哪里去了没人知道。 It did not matter much where he lived. 他在哪里住都没有关系。 7. why从句 It was clear why he had asked for a conference. 他为什么要求召开会议,原因很清楚。 8. whether从句 It makes little difference whe