聚焦“疑问词+不定式”结构.docVIP

聚焦“疑问词+不定式”结构动词不定式(to do)可以和疑问词what, which, who, whom, how, where, when等连用，构成“疑问词+不定式”结构。该结构在句中可以充当什么成分呢？请看―― [聚焦一]“疑问词+不定式”在句中作主语。例如： Where to hold the meeting is not known yet.在哪里开会还不知道呢。 It has not yet been decided whether to set up a factory here.是否在这里建一个工厂还没有决定。 注意：有时为了平衡句子结构，常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语（即“疑问词+不定式”结构）放在句末。例如： How to deal with the old car is a question. =Its a question how to deal with the old car. 如何处理这辆旧车是个问题。 [聚焦二]“疑问词+不定式”在句中作表语。例如： The question is where to get a computer. 问题是在哪儿买台计算机。 The problem is who/whom to ask for help. 问题是（我们）该请谁帮忙。 [聚焦三] “疑问词+不定式”在句中作宾语补足语。例如： Can you tell me how to learn English well? 你能告诉我如何学好英语吗？ Simon will advise you whether to accept the job. 你是否该接受这份工作，西蒙会向你提出建议的。 [聚焦四] “疑问词+不定式”在句中作宾语。 当“疑问词+不定式”在句中作宾语时，同学们应注意以下四点： ◆tell, decide, teach, know, learn, wonder, discuss, explain, forget等动词后，常用“疑问词+不定式”作它们的宾语。例如： Have you decided where to hold your birthday party? 你决定在哪儿举行你的生日聚会了吗？ There were so many books in the library that I didnt know which to borrow. 图书馆有那么多书，以致我不知道借哪一本。 ◆“疑问词+不定式”在句中作宾语时，可与宾语从句互相转换。注意：疑问词why没有此种用法。例如： Can you tell me how to get to the nearest bus stop? = Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest bus stop? 你能告诉我如何才能到达最近的公共汽车站吗？ ◆“疑问词+不定式”可作介词的宾语。例如： My aunt wants to write a book on how to swim. 我的姑妈想写一本关于如何游泳的书。 ◆英语中有些及物动词不能用动词不定式作宾语，但可以用“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。例如： Do you mind what to eat? 你介意吃些什么吗？ 链接中考 1. ―Could you tell me________to have the meeting tonight? ―At the meeting room on the third floor. (2005 河南) A. why B. how C. when D. where 2. ―This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me________, George? ―Sure. (2005 青岛) A. what to work out B. to work it out C. how to work it out D. how to work out it 3. Would you show me______an e-mail, please? (2004 河北) A. how to make B. how to send C. what to make D. when to send 4. We have two rooms___