哺乳动物线粒体质量控制的机制 - 中国细胞生物学学报.pdf

中国细胞生物学学报 Chinese Journal of Cell Biology 2017, 39(3): 373–380 DOI: 10.11844/cj cb.2017.03.0249 哺乳动物线粒体质量控制的机制 贾振伟* ( 内蒙古民族大学动物科技学院, 通辽028043) 摘要 线粒体是真核生物细胞重要的细胞器, 不仅通过氧化磷酸化为细胞生命活动提供能 量, 而且与细胞代谢和胁迫信号的传导、钙离子稳态、活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)产生及 细胞凋亡等重要生物过程密切相关。线粒体的质量控制系统对于维持细胞正常生理功能具有重要 作用, 其功能障碍将导致多种疾病的发生。该文综述了哺乳动物线粒体质量调控的分子机制, 为通 过调控线粒体质量维持机体健康、降低疾病发生提供理论依据。 关键词 哺乳动物; 线粒体动力学; 线粒体自噬; 蛋白质质量控制 The Mechanism of Mitochondria Quality Control in Mammals Jia Zhenwei* (College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028043, China) Abstract Mitochondria are important intracellular organelles that not only provide energy for cellular activities via oxidative phosphorylation, but also closely associated with some important biological processes, including cell metabolism, stress signaling induction, calcium homeostasis, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Mitochondrial quality control system plays a pivotal role in maintaining the normal cellular physiological function, however, mitochondrial dysfunction will lead to the occurrence of various diseases. Hence, in this review, we summarize current knowledge on the molecular mechanism of mitochondria quality control, which may provide reference for maintaining organisms health and reducing disease occurrence by modulating mitochondria quality. Keywords mammal animal; mitochondria dynamics; mitophagy; protein quality control 线粒体是真核生物细胞重要的细胞器, 不仅通 目前, 动物细胞存在多种途径调控线粒体质 过氧化磷酸化为细胞生命活动提供能量, 而且参与 量, 阻止线粒体功能异常。例如, 线粒体存在抗氧 细胞代谢和胁迫信号的传导、钙离子稳态、活性氧 化系统缓解ROS的毒害作用[5]; 线粒体基质内的 (reactive oxygen species, ROS)产生及