桥梁工程复习（Bridge engineering review）.docVIP

桥梁工程复习（Bridge engineering review） 1. The composition of the bridge, what is the superstructure and the lower structure, and its function? A: (1) the bridge consists of the superstructure, the lower structure, the support and the ancillary facilities. (2) the superstructure is the general term of bridge abutment, which is the main load-bearing structure that crosses the barrier when the line breaks. The lower structure includes the pier, abutment and foundation. Its function is to support the superstructure and transmit the constant load and vehicle to the base structure. 2. For different bridge types, how to define and determine the standard span and calculation of the span? Answer: 1), the standard models: with LK, said the bridge beam, slab bridge, long or with the center line of the bridge between the center line of pier pier line to the abutment back length of the center line of the bridge between the front line, the arch bridge and culvert will be subject to net span. 2) calculate the cross-diameter: the horizontal distance between the adjacent support center and the horizontal distance between the adjacent supporting center and the horizontal distance between the intersecting center of the lower structure. 3. What is permissible height of building? How does the bridge design meet its requirements when building height is allowed? A: 1) the elevation of the bridge in the line alignment and the difference between the height of the top of the clearance limit of the general air and air, and the height of the construction height. 2) when the building height is allowed to be limited, it can be solved by placing structures on the deck (such as cable-stayed Bridges, suspension Bridges, medium and lower bearing arch Bridges). 4. Describe the main force characteristics of girder bridge, arch bridge, bridge, cable-stayed bridge and suspension bridge? Answer 1), beam bridge, no level reaction under vertical load, due to the role of reverse force perpendicular to the axis o