音频滤波器试验.DOC

音频滤波器实验 14020140009 杨定悦 音频滤波器实验报告 摘要 滤波器的应用十分广泛，在音响等电子设备中都有音频滤波器的存在，本实验根据设计要求设计出一个低通的音频滤波器过减弱鼓声之外的高频杂音。 根据对所给声音的频率进行分析，计算出截止频率约为1.1kHz左右，选择Sallen-key型电路进行滤波，通过所给数据计算出参数，并用multism分别对Q值为0.707的巴特沃斯型电路以及Q值为0.943的切比雪夫电路进行仿真比较。最后选定使用切比雪夫型二阶低通滤波器电路来实现该滤波功能，不仅具有较陡的过渡带，同时可以对带内信号进行放大。 通过multism的仿真，设计的电路截止频率约在1.5kHz，带内放大倍数为1.5倍，8kHz处抑制约为-30dB，具有很好的滤波效果，可以成功的将除鼓声之外的刺耳尖音滤除。之后通过使用ICL7660，TL082芯片，电容电阻排针等元件焊接出音频滤波器的实物可进行滤波处理。 关键词：低通滤波，Sallen-key，切比雪夫型 Abstract Filter is widely used in our daily life.Audio filters always exist in electronic equipment like the loudspeaker boxes.We design a low-pass audio filter to weaken the noise of high frequency beyond the voice of drums. Through the analysis of the frequency of the voice teacher provides,we calculate that the cut-off frequency is near 1.1kHz.We choose the filter of Sallen-key finally.Figuring out the parameters,we use the multism to do simulation experiment,comparing the type of Butterworth(Q=0.707) and the type of Chebyshev(Q=0.943).And we decide to use the type of Chebyshev second order low-pass filter circuit to achieve the function,which not only owns the steep transitional zone,but also can enlarge the signals of low frequency. From the simulation of multism,the cut-off frequency of circuit we design is near 1.5kHz,the magnification times in low frequency is near 1.5.The suppression of 8kHz is near -30dB.It has a good effect of filter,which can successfully weaken the noise.After that, we use components including chips of ICL7660 and TL082,some capacitances,some resistances and pin headers to make material object to weaken the signals higher than the cut-off frequency. Key words:Low-pass filter,Sallen-key,Chebyshev 方案论证以及电路参数设计 【方案一】巴特沃斯型Sallen-key电路 采用Sallen-key型二阶低通滤波器，及在反向接入口不加电阻，此时电路放大倍数为1，Q值取0.707，此时电路的增益为： 其中，截止频率，所以只需要根据上限截止频率来设计电路中的参数的取值就可以达到滤波的效果，取C=10nf，R=10kΩ即可。 【方案二】切比雪夫型Sallen-key电路 采用Sallen-key型二阶低通滤波器，及在反向接入口不加电阻，此时电路放大倍数为1.5，Q值取0.943，此时电路的增益为： 其中，截止频率，所以只需要根据上限截止