功能性食品工艺设计——具有免疫活性的多糖食品工程郑宏儒.PPT

* 功能性食品工艺设计（三） ——具有免疫活性的多糖 食品工程 郑宏儒 多糖的免疫调节功能是其最重要的功能活性，多糖能在多条途径、多个层面对免疫系统发挥作用。具体表现在：提高巨噬细胞吞噬能力。植物多糖对巨噬细胞的免疫调节作用主要表现在影响巨噬细胞活性氧的产生、细胞因子的分泌、细胞增殖和吞噬活性等，从而起到对天然免疫和适应性免疫的调控作用。 Polysaccharide immune function is the most important functional activity in several ways polysaccharide, a plurality of levels on the immune system play a role. Specific features: the ability to enhance macrophage phagocytosis. Immunomodulatory effects of plant polysaccharides on macrophages mainly in macrophages produce reactive oxygen species, cytokine secretion, cell proliferation and phagocytic activity, so as to play a regulatory role in innate immunity and adaptive immunity. 多糖的抗肿瘤作用是通过激活机体的免疫系统，诱导细胞分化，刺激造血诱导 NO 产生等生物活性的多糖，这类多糖与机体的免疫细胞通过分子水平的接触， 免疫细胞被激活，释放出某些类型的细胞转导信号，从而激发和增强免疫反应， 再通过增强机体的免疫功能间接抑制或杀死肿瘤细胞。 具有抗肿瘤活性的多糖大多是通过这种途径发挥作用的。 Polysaccharide anti-tumor effect of polysaccharide by activating the bodys immune system, inducing cell differentiation and stimulate hematopoiesis induced NO production and other biological activity, these polysaccharides and immune cells of the body at the molecular level through contact, immune cells are activated and release a these types of cell signal transduction, in order to stimulate and enhance the immune response, and then inhibit or kill tumor cells by enhancing immune function indirectly. 多糖通过以下方式达到抗病毒的作用：抑制病毒抗原的表达，抑制病毒逆转录酶的活性。如灵芝中的糖蛋白是通过与病毒分子结合，阻止病毒分子与细胞之间的结合感染。 硫酸多糖无论在体外还是在体内， 都显示出不同程度的抗病毒活性。 Polysaccharide in the following way to achieve antiviral effect: inhibition of viral antigen expression, inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase activity. Such as Ganoderma lucidum glycoprotein molecules by binding to the virus, preventing viral infection combined between molecules and cells. Sulfated polysaccharides both in vitro and in vivo, have shown varying degrees of anti-viral activity. 许多从天然产物中分离得到的多糖类化合物具有清除自由基， 抑制脂质过氧化、亚油酸氧化等抗氧化作用，其可能的抗氧化机理有：直接清除活性氧，络合产生活性氧所必需的金属离子，提高抗氧化酶的活性等。 提示多糖的抗氧化性可能是抗肿瘤、抗衰老、抗感染等的作用机理之一。 Many polysaccharide compounds isola