Aluminum Tempers（铝的脾气）.pdf

Aluminum Tempers Aluminum is a lightweight structural material that can be strengthened through alloying and, depending upon composition, further strengthened by heat treatment and/or cold working. Among its advantages for specific applications are: Low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, good corrosion resistance, ease of fabrication and diversity of form. Wrought and cast alloys are identified by a four-digit number, the first digit of which generally identifies the major alloying element as shown in the table below. For casting alloys, the fourth digit is separated from the first three digits by a decimal point and indicates the form i.e., cast or ingot. Number Element IXXX 997. Mn. Aluminum IXX.X 997. Mm. Aluminum 2XXX Copper 2XX.X Copper 3XXX Manganese 3SS.S Silicon with added copper and/or magnesium 4XXX Silicon 4XX.X Silicon 5XXX Magnesium 5XX.X Magnesium 6XXX Magnesium and Silicon 7XXX Zinc 7XX.X Zinc 8XXX Other Elements 8XX.X Tin 9XXX Unused Series 9XX.X Other Elements Basic Aluminum Temper Designations The temper designation appears as a hyphenated suffix to the basic alloy number. An example would be 7075-T73 where T73 is the temper designation. Four basic temper designations are used for aluminum alloys. They are –F: as fabricated; -O: annealed; -H: strain hardened and –T: thermally treated. A fifth designation, -W, is used to describe an as –quenched condition between solution heat treatment and artificial or room temperature aging. Following is a list of tempers which define aluminum alloys. -H1II: Applies to products which are strain hardened less than the amount required for a controlled HII temper. -H212: Applies to products which acquire some temper from shaping processes not having special control ov