放射性环境监测中探测限附近测量数据的处理-环境监测管理与技术.pdf

第 18卷 第 1期 环境监测管理与技术 2006年 2月 # 争鸣与探索# 沙连茂,卫为强, 宣义仁 (中国辐射防护研究院, 山西 太原 030006) : 阐述了探测限的基本概念和对探测限附近的数据处理问题。提出探测限的作用是用来评价检测的 力, 不宜 用于常规计数及报告测量结果;判断限则用于对测量结果在统计上是否与本底有显著差别做出判断, 也不宜用来报告测量 结果。当样品净计数大于 (或等于)判断限时, 不管其是否小于探测限,都应当报出其测量值及标准差; 当样品净计数小于 判断限时, 用小于限作为其上置信限报告测量结果; 在对同类样品结果平均时, 无论样品净计数小于判断限, 或大于(或等 于)判断限,都应当按其活度实测值 (正、负或零)参加平均。 : 探测限;放射性; 环境监测; 数据处理 : X83013 : C : 1006 2009(2006) 01- 0038- 06 Study on P r ocessin g M eth od of D ata N ear th e L ow er L im its of D etect ion for R ad ia t ion E nv ir onm en ta lM on itor in g SHA Lian2mao, WEIWei2qiang, XUA Y i2ren (Ch inese Institutefor Radiation P rotection, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China ) Ab str act: The processing ofdata near the lower lmi its ofdetection(Ld) for environmentalmonitoringwere discussed based on the basic concepts oftheLd. Itput forward thatdifferent function of the Ld and the critical level(Lc) should be distinguished. TheLd isused in evaluation ofdetection capability andnot used for routine counting and reporting. The Lc is used to determ ine ifameasurement is statistically different from background, and alsonot used for reporting. For routine counting, ifthe net countN Lc, the result is reported as positive with the standard deviation (R ), itdoesnotmatter ifN Ld; ifN [ Lc, less2than level(Lt) is calculated and s reported asupper confidence interval; ifthe data are tobe averaged, the absolute activities ( whether positive, negative, or zero ) should be recorded and averaged, it doesnotmatter ifN [ LcorN Lc. K ey w ord s: Detection lmi it; Radiation; Environmentalmonitor; Data processing 在环境放射性监测中,人们会获得大量最小探 境辐射本底调查中付诸实施。现在理解Ld基本概 测限(Ld)附近,甚至 Ld的数据