儿童521例肚脐测量报告.doc

儿童521例肚脐测量报告作者：周家镇　王德荣　邹　毅　夏　全　蒲　敏　蒋　纯　谢　敏 摘要 测量儿童肚脐脐深及脐口、脐底直径，为腹部微创美容手术打下基础；方法 选用工具：橡皮泥、分规及标准硬尺；用橡皮泥在儿童肚脐内塑型，再用分规测定“塑型”之相应部位，得出脐深及脐口、脐底各径。结果 测出儿童脐深、脐口方程。结论 为儿童微创手术器械，奠定了脐解剖数据。 关键词：儿童 肚脐 橡皮泥 分规 标准硬尺 Objective:To determine the depth of the umbilicus and the outer and inner diameters of the umbilicus in children for designing a micro-trauma abdominal operation with cosmetological advantages in children. Methods: The depth of the umbilicus and the outer and inner diameters of the umbilicus were measured in 521 Chinese children with plasticence , a divider, and a standard ruler. The plasticence was used to mold the umbilicus shape, and then the depth and the diameters of the corresponding molding parts of the umbilicus were measured with the divider and the ruler. Results:We found the variables with the method and tools and chose the most suitable variables to establish the regression equation for the determination of the depth and the outer diameter of the umbilicus so as to prove the validity of the designed umbilical operating lancet and the related micro-trauma operation. Conclusions:The measurement of the depth of the umbilicus and the outer and inner diameters of the umbilicus with the method and the tools can provide the anatomical data for designing the micro-trauma abdominal surgical equipment and the micro-trauma operation with cosmetological advantages in children. Key words:Chinese children;Umbilicus;Plasticence;Divider;Standard ruler 我院对幼儿园全体521例儿童肚脐之脐深及脐口，脐底直径进行测量，并进行统计学处理。 方法与工具： 橡皮泥、分规及标准硬尺。测量肚脐，依据肚脐解剖。肚脐是一圆形凹坑，其解剖层次是脐带残端皮化之皮皱；依次深层是皮下脂肪及纤维结缔组织，有时有脐静脉网及附脐静脉；圈形腹白线；脐血管及其残存脉管；最内层是腹膜；左、右与腹直肌鞘相连续，无环形肌。由于腹白线之固定，兼之无环形肌，故在鼓腹及松腹时，肚脐之形状、大小不会改变，故此，可用橡皮泥在小儿肚脐成形，再用分规测定“塑型”之相应部分，得出脐深及脐口、脐底各径。这个度量一律以毫米mm计算。[1][2][3] 测量对象： 521例幼儿园儿童（国人）。 测量方法[2] 受试者平卧，用橡皮泥在受试者脐内塑形。再用分规在“塑型”上测量相应部分，得出脐深及脐口、脐底各径。 在521例测量表中，有37分材料记录不全，故在统计时予剔出。剩下484份儿童资料，进行统计学处理及分析。 在484例儿童检测各变量见“表2”。 然后再以性别分组，看各变量情况，见表3 将性别（Sex），年龄（age），身高（high），体重（