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倒 装 结 构 Inversion;基本语序;倒装语序;提前部分+谓语 + 主语;倒装的原因: 一是语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）； 二是为了强调； 三是保持句子的平衡或是上下文紧密相接。;一、 全 部 倒 装;1.there be句(全部倒装);;3.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首,有时用倒装。 （全部倒装） “What’s up, Tom?” asked Mother. “The car is mine,” said Tom.;;;二、 部 分 倒 装;1. 含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首，如hardly, rarely, seldom, scarcely, barely, never, not, few, little, neither, nor, not only, hardly…when, in no case, by no means, no sooner…than等。 （部分倒装）;;正常语序: 1)I had hardly reached the bus stop when the bus started. 2)I had no sooner reached the bus stop than the bus started. 3)He not only likes English, but also he learns it well.;以下句子正确吗? Hardly anyone believes that today. Not only you but also she has been to Beijing. Neither the girls nor John is to blame.;;3、so, neither, nor, no more 位于句首，表示前面的 情况也适合于另一人或物时（半倒装)） ;5.only + 状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）放在 句首时。 （部分倒装）;; 3)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. ;6.“so /such +表语/状语 + that从句”结构中的 so 或such引导的表语/状语放在句首时。 （部分倒装）;2）He is such a lovely child that all of us love him. 3）She left so hurriedly that she forgot to switch off the lights.;7.用于形容词（名词/动词）+ as/though 的让步状语从句中。 （特殊倒装） 1)Proud as they are, they are afraid to see us. 2)Child as he is, he knows a lot. ( A small child as he is, he knows a lot.) 3) Try hard as they would, they could not lift the box. 4) Youngest as he is in our class, his pronunciation is the best.;8. 用于表示祝愿和祝福之类的句子中。 （部分倒装或全部倒装） 1）May you succeed / be happy! 2) Long live the People’s Republic of China!;Exercises: 1.Not until all the fish died in the river_____ how serious the pollution was. A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realize C.the villagers did realize D.didn’t the villagers realize 2.It was not until 1920____ regular radio broadcasts began. A.while B.which C.that D.since 3.I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life_____ so happy. A.did I feel B.I felt C.I had felt D.