同位语与定语从句概要.ppt

Welcome to the Class! 判断下列句子是同位语从句还是定语从句 1、The news that he told me yesterdaywas true. 2、The fact that they didnt finish the work has to be faced. 3、The plan that we should build another lad building was very good. 4、The reason why he was chosen remains unknown. 5、This is the house where I lived two years ago. 6、The question where we shall have a meeting hasnt decided. The Differences between Attributive Clause and Appositive Clause Ⅰ、定语从句的引导词在从句中充当一定的成分，可作主语、宾语、状语等；而同位语从句中的引导词在从句只起连接作用，不作任何句子成分。 E.g. (1)The fact that we talked about is very important． 我们谈论的这个事实很重要。（that做talk about的宾语） (2)Here comes the news that some tourists from America will come to our village． 消息传来，说一些美国旅游者要来我们村。（that只起连接作用） Ⅱ、定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。 E.g (1)The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. 妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺。 (2)The news that our team has won the game is true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。 Ⅲ、定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是各类名词，可以有复数形式；而同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, possibility等表示抽象意义的名词，一般没有复数形式。 E.g. (1)The few points that the president stressed in his report are very important． 总统在报告里强调的几点确实很重要。 (2)He has an idea that he can make the scientific instrument in a better way． 他想到能用更好的方法制造这种科学仪器。 Ⅳ、引导定语从句的关联词在从句中作宾语或状语时，可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词一般不能省略，更不能被代替。 E.g. (1) The news (that) she heard is true. 她听到的消息是真的。 (2)The news that she will go abroad is true. 她将出国这消息是真的。 Ⅴ、由when, why, where引导的定语从句分别修饰或说明表示时间、原因或地点的词，但它们引导的同位语从句一般不和表示时间或地点的词同位。 (1)I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 我仍然记得初次来北京的那天。 (2)The question where we shall have a meeting hasnt decided. 我们到什么地方去开会，这个问题没有决定。 练习题。 1、The reason ____ he is late is ____ there was a breakdown on the railway. A. why; why B. why; that C. because; that D. that; because 2、Life is like a long race____ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. A.why B. what C.