第八板块 SBⅡ Units 9-12 专题语法八 虚拟语气.ppt

一、虚拟语气用于状语从句中 1.虚拟语气用于非真实条件句 条件从句 主　句 例　句 与现在事实相反 If I(we，you，he，she，it，they)＋动词过去式(be的形式一律用were) I(we，you，he，she，it，they)＋would/should/could/might＋动词原形 If he were indoors，he wouldnt feel so cold. 条件从句 主　句 例　句 与过去事实相反 If I(we，you，he，she，it，they)had＋过去分词 I(we，you，he，she，it，they)＋would/should/could/might＋have done If you had taken my advice，you wouldnt have failed in the examination. 条件从句 主　句 例　句 与将来事实相反 A式：If＋主语＋一般过去时 B式：If＋主语＋were to do C式：If＋主语＋should do I(we，you，he，she，it，they) would/should/might/could＋ 动词原形 A：If he were here this evening，we would play cards. B：If she were to marry Jack，she would be happy. C：If she should know it，she would tell me. 2.虚拟条件句和主句动作如发生的时间不一致，主句和从 句的谓语要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语 形式，这种句子叫作错综时间条件句。 If I were you，I wouldnt have missed the film last night. 如果我是你，我就不会错过昨晚那部电影了。(现在→ 过去) If they had left home in early morning，they would arrive in half an hour.要是他们一大早离开家的话，再过半个 小时就该到了。(过去→将来) 3.有时虚拟条件不用从句，而是通过上下文或用介词短语 等表示出来，这种句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句。常用的介词 有with，without，but for等。 But for your help，we couldnt have succeeded. 要不是你的帮助，我们是不会成功的。 Without electricity life would be quite different today. 如果没有电，今天的生活就会完全不同。 She wasnt feeling well，otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early. 她感到不舒服，不然她不会那么早离开会场的。 (2009·安徽高考)But for their help，we　　　　the program in time. A.can not finish　　　　 　B.will not finish C.had not finished D.could not have finished 解析：选 句意：要是没有他们的帮助，我们不可能及时完成那个 节目。but for 要是没有……，句子应用虚拟语气。又因 节目已经完成了，所以用“情态动词＋现在完成时态” 表示对过去发生的事情的猜测。 　D　 二、虚拟语气用于名词性从句中 1.用于wish后的宾语从句中 与现在事实相反，用were或动词的过去式；与过去事实 相反，用had＋过去分词或would/could have done；表示 将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用 would/should(could，might)＋动词原形。 I wish she were here.她在这儿就好了。 I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 但愿你明天跟我们一块去。 I wish she had taken my advice. 那时她要是听我的话就好了。 2.用在表示建议、愿望、命令等词后的宾语从句中。常 见的动词有：suggest，advise，propose，command， request，insist，recommend 等。宾语