高血钾动物模型.docVIP

机能学实验设计大纲 实验名称： 高血钾动物模型的复制与观测 课题来源： 教学实验 设计班级： 2009级临床5班 设计人员：汪贵清 杨茂忠 陈祥丽 彭宣林 张然杰 设计日期： 2011-11-24 组数 3实验室二组 指导老师： 荣成 成都医学院实验技术教研室 2011年制 摘要：目的： 掌握家兔高钾血症模型的复制方法，观察高钾血症家兔心电图变化特征及CaCl2 和NaHCO3对高钾血症的抢救和治疗作用。方法 ：家兔固定后，用针形电极分别插入相应肢体皮下，连接生物信号采集处理系统通道并选择输入信号为动物心电图，记录正常心电图波形。再在耳缘静脉缓慢注射KCl溶液复制高钾血症模型，观察家兔症状变化及其心电图变化特征，静脉先后注射CaCl2和NaHCO3，分别观察并记录家兔心电图变化。结果 ：注射kcl 后家兔心电图表现为严重心律失常甚至室颤停搏（P＜0.05），静脉注射CaCl2和NaHCO3对缓解高钾血症有一定作用。结论 ：高钾血症家兔心电图明显异常，静脉快速注射CaCl2和NaHCO3对高钾血症有一定抢救作用。 关键词：高钾血症；家兔；心电图 Abstract: objective: to high potassium hematic disease model of the copy method, high potassium were observed after resting ekg characteristics and NaHCO3 CaCl2 and of high potassium hematic disease of the rescue and treatment effect. Methods: rabbit, fixed anesthesia with needle electrode respectively insert the corresponding body subcutaneous, connection biological signal acquisition and processing system channel and choose the input signal for animal electrocardiogram, record the normal ecg waveform. Then in the ear margin veins slow injection KCl solution copy high potassium hematic disease model, to observe signs of change and its variation characteristics of electrocardiogram, intravenous injection and NaHCO3 successively CaCl2, were observed and record of ecg changes. Results: after injection of performance for the electrocardiogram KCL serious rhythm of the heart wrong even cardiac arrest ventricular fibrillation (P 0.05), intravenous CaCl2 and NaHCO3 to ease the high potassium hematic disease have certain effect. Conclusion: high potassium of blood electrocardiogram apparently unusual, intravenous injection CaCl2 and NaHCO3 fast to high potassium hematic disease have certain rescue effect. Keywords: high potassium hematic disease; Rabbit; electrocardiogram 前言： 高钾血症对机体的危害主要表现为心脏毒害，可使心肌细胞有效不应期缩短，兴奋性和传导性呈双相变化。轻度高钾血症能使心肌兴奋性增强，急性重度高钾血症可引发严重传导阻 滞和兴奋性消失，导致心跳停止。同时，高钾血症可使心脏自律性和收缩性下降。本实验通过静脉注射或滴