清朝台湾儒学中的朱子学意涵与诠释.docVIP

清朝台灣儒學中的朱子學意涵與詮釋 吳進安　教授 漢學資料整理研究所 國立雲林科技大學 摘　要 朱子學術思想堪稱為中國傳統思想主幹之一，亦為宋明理學具舉足輕重深具影響力的哲學家。有清一代，台灣雖遲於康熙二十二年才歸附，但是隨著科舉考試制度的實施，亦為儒家代表性思想家的朱子思想不僅是官方的意識型態，亦為民間儒學傳播的主流，台灣儒學風氣亦在此氛圍中形成。而朱子學對於台灣儒學之導引及義理詮釋亦有其主導的角色，可見朱子學影響台灣儒學的內容甚為明顯。朱子學思的意涵豐富了台灣儒學的內容，台灣儒學源於閩學，對於道統的繼承可說是儒學價值系統的延續與光大，經由治台的儒士之推動與倡導，儒學義理深入名間。但是由於官方儒學重在科舉制度，使得儒學活活潑潑的生命氣象與人格無法蛻變而出，使得儒學的風格不免走入俗儒之途。 關鍵詞：台灣儒學、朱子、實學 Abstract Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties was an integral part of Chinese philosophy. Zhu Xi academic thought can be thought as the backbone of one of Neo-Confucianism is also a decisive influential philosopher. Taiwan is only Twenty-two years later than the reign of Emperor Kangxi in Ching-Dynasty, but as the imperial examination system, as a Confucian scholar Zhu Xis thought were not only the official ideology, but also the dissemination of the mainstream of civil Confucianism, Taiwanese Confucianism trend is also formed in this atmosphere, and Zhu Xi Confucianism in Taiwan and the moral principles guiding the interpretation of some of its leading role and the impact of Taiwans Confucian. And the meaning of Zhu Xi also enriched the content of Confucianism in Taiwan. Taiwanese Confucian study originated from Fujian, the orthodoxy of the succession can be described as a continuation of the Confucian value system and Everbright, Units of Confucian governance through the promotion and advocacy, the Confucian moral principles of inter-depth. However, because of the official Confucian focus on civil service exam system, makes a lively splash of Confucianism live the life of Meteorology and personality can not change out, making the style of Confucianism into the scholar of shallow learning. Key words: Taiwanese Confucianism, Zhu Xi, learning of genuine value 壹、前　言 梁啟超在其所著《清代學術概論》一書中開宗明義即言：「清學之出發點，在對於宋明理學一大反動。」梁氏進一步指出宋明理學之根本缺點如下： 進而考其思想之本質，則所研究之對象，乃純在紹紹靈靈不可捉摸之一物；少數俊拔篤摯之士，曷嘗不循此道而求得身心安宅，然效之及於世者已鮮；而浮偽之輩，摭拾虛辭以相夸煽，乃甚易易；故晚明「狂禪」一派，至於「滿街皆是聖人」，「酒色財氣不礙菩提路」，道德且墮落極矣，重以制科帖括，籠照天下；學者但習此種影響因襲之談，便足以取富貴弋各譽，舉國靡然化之，則相