女性青少年自我控制能力及其相关因素研究.docVIP

女性青少年自我控制能力及其相关因素研究【摘要】 目的 研究女性青少年自我控制能力及其相关影响因素，为减少青少年相关行为问题的干预研究提供依据。方法 采用便利样本抽样方法，对北京、济南、广州妇幼保健机构青少年门诊就诊的1 391名10～24岁未婚女性青少年进行问卷调查。结果 在校女性青少年相对于非在校青少年更倾向于内控（t=3.179, P=0.002）。不同地区女性青少年内外控制源得分差异有统计学意义（F=12.781, P＜0.01），但北京与济南地区内外控制源得分差异无统计学意义（P=0.985）；北京和济南地区(P=0.015)与广州地区(P＜0.01)女性青少年相比，更倾向于内控。发生性行为的女性青少年比未发生性行为的更倾向于外控（t=2.756, P=0.006）。结论 内外控制源与青少年行为问题密切相关，应提高青少年的受教育机会，并帮助青少年改善过于外控的心理状态。 【关键词】 自我；精神卫生；对比研究；青少年；女性 【中图分类号】 R 179 R 395.6 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2008)03-0220-03 Locus of Control and the Influencing Factors Among Female Adolescents/WEI Wei*, YU Xiao-ming, GONG Lu-xia, et al.*Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing(100083), China 【Abstract】 Objective To study the locus of control(LOC)among girls and the relative factors, and to provide bases for reducing adolescent behavioral problems. MethodsA convenience sample of 1 391 unmarried girls(aged 10-24) in maternal and children’s health care institution from Beijing, Jinan and Guangzhou were investigated. ResultsSchool girls were inclined to internal control than the ones who had already left school(t=3.179, P=0.002). The LOC was different among girls from different cities(F=12.781, P0.01).Comparing with the girls from Guangzhou,the girls in Beijing and Jinan were more inclined to internal control (P=0.015), and there was no difference between the girls from Beijing and Jinan (P=0.985). The girls who had sexual behaviors were inclined to external control than the ones who never had it(t=2.756,P=0.006). Conclusion There is a strong correlation between LOC and adolescent behavioral problems. The adolescents should be given more chances to have education, and their external control should be corrected. 【Key words】 Ego; Mental health; comparative study; Adolescent; Female 自我控制能力即内外控制源，由社会学习理论家Rotter 和Phores提出，指人们对心理事件的诱因是自己行为还是外在力量的一般性看法［1-2］；用以解释积极应付困境或表现消极态度的原因。内控者认为事情的结果与其付出的努力相关，而外控者则认为结局不由个人所控制［3-4］。内外控制源是生活技能的重要组成部分［5］。Tyler等［6-7］将生活技能定义为：个体对于控制结果能力的感知，认为