陕西省燃煤污燃型氟、砷中毒防治现状.pdfVIP

地方病通报2008年第23卷第1期 Endemic Diseases Bulletin 2008 Vo1．23，No．．， ·49· 文章编号：1000-3711(2008)01-0049-04 陕西省燃煤污燃型氟、砷中毒防治现状 徐刚要，李平安，李晓茜 (陕西省地方病防治研究所，西安710003) 摘要：目的 了解陕西省燃煤污染型氟、砷中毒防治现状，为今后工作提供思路。方法 对病区各年度上报资料进行统 计分析。结果 陕西省陕南秦巴山区属燃煤污染型氟、砷中毒共存病区，主要分布于9县(区)124乡(镇)1 635个行政 村，暴露人口约百余万。近十年来开展了以改炉改灶为主的综合防治措施，累计改灶25．26万户，改灶率达到86．62％， 病情及各项指标虽有下降，但未能完全控制。结论 在病区，领导重视是落实防治措施的重要保障，持续、反复开展健康 教育是地氟、砷病防治的关键。 关键词：氟中毒；砷中毒；预防；控制 中图分类号：R599；R181．81 文献标识码：A Control Status of Coal——burning Fluorosis and Arsenism in Shaanxi Province XU Gang—yao，LI Ping—an，LI Xiao—qian (Shaanxi Institutefor Endemic Disease Control and Research，Xian，Shaanxi 710003，China) Abstract：Objective To investigate the actual prevention of fluoride and arsenic poisoning caused by coal—burning in Shaanxi Province．Methods Prevention data of fluoride and arsenic poisoning caused by coal—burning before 2005 were summarized and analyzed．Results There are coal—burning fluorosis and arsenism in Qinba mountainous area of southern Shaanxi Province．It iS distrbuted in 1 635 villages and 124 towns of 9 counties．and the population of direct exposure iS about over 1 million．In order to entirely control the endemic as soon as possible。there are 252 thousand households to have been improved stoves in the last ten years with the total stove improving rate of 86．62％．Although the total dental fluorosis rate and fluoride content in chilli，COrn and indoor air diminished，the endemic has not been effectively controlled．Conclu． sions So continual and repeated health education iS a fundamental measure for controlling the endemic． Key words：Coal；Fluoride poisoning；Arsenic poisoning；Prevention；Control 陕西省位于中国西北地区东部，总面积20．6万