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detection of the permutation symmetry in pattern sets检测对称排列的模式集.pdf

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detection of the permutation symmetry in pattern sets检测对称排列的模式集

DETECTION OF THE PERMUTATION SYMMETRY IN PATTERN SETS DONG JI-YANG AND ZHANG JUN-YING Received 19 February 2006; Accepted 1 May 2006 Symmetry is a powerful tool to reduce the freedom degrees of a system. But the applica- bility of the symmetry tool strongly depends on the ability to calculate the symmetries of the system. There exists an interesting algorithmic problem to search for the symme- try of a high-dimensional system. In this paper, a genetic algorithm-based permutation symmetry detection approach is proposed for pattern set. Firstly, the permutation sym- metry distance (PSD) is deﬁned to measure the similarity of a pattern set before and after being transformed by a permutation operator. Secondly, the permutation symmetry de- tection problem is converted into an optimization problem by taking the PSD as a ﬁtness function. Lastly, a genetic algorithm-based approach is designed for the symmetry detec- tion problem. Computer simulation results are also given for ﬁve pattern sets of diﬀerent dimensionality, which show the eﬃciency and speediness of the proposed detection ap- proach, especially in high-dimensional cases. Copyright © 2006 D. Ji-Yang and Z. Jun-Ying. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, dis- tribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 1. Introduction Symmetry, as a powerful tool, may reveal the intrinsic relations inherent in the objects or phenomena that seem to be uncorrelated and is used widely to almost all areas of the natural science [2, 6, 9]. The study of symmetry begins in the early stage of the neural net- works research [21], and recently more and more researchers devoted themselves to this ﬁeld. For example, Baldi demonstrated in his paper [ 1] that the global properties of an in- dividual network could be found from symmetry considerations of the invariance group of the speciﬁc