几种物质对细胞膜的通透性.docVIP

几种物质对细胞膜的通透性 摘要：将10%的鸡血和兔血红细胞悬液分别置于各类溶质的等渗溶液中，观察并记录红细胞发生溶血的时间，根据实验所得数据，从兔血红细胞和鸡血红细胞、脂溶性溶质和水溶性溶质、强电解质和弱电解质、各溶质分子的相对分子质量大小这几个角度，分析不同种类溶质对细胞膜通透性的影响。实验结果表明：兔血红细胞比鸡血红细胞更易发生溶血现象，相对于水溶性溶质来说，脂溶性溶质更易使血红细胞发生溶血，相对于强电解质来说，弱电解质则更易使血红细胞发生溶血，血红细胞发生溶血的时间与溶质的分子量大小无绝对的正相关或负相关。10134 关键词：红细胞膜；细胞膜透性；溶血现象；等渗溶液 Studies on Membrane Permeability of Several Substances Abstract： Red blood cell suspensions of chicken and rabbit with concentration 10% were placed in all kinds of isotonic solutions, hemolysis was observed and the time of hemolysis was recorded, based on the experimental data, the impacts of different types of solutes on membrane permeability were analyzed from following angle: between rabbit red blood cells and chicken red blood cells, between fat-soluble and water-soluble solute , between strong electrolyte and weak electrolyte, as well as relative molecular mass of each of these solutes. The results showed as follows: rabbit red blood cells was more likely to take place hemolysis than chicken red blood cells, fat-soluble solute was more likely to take place hemolysis than water-soluble solute, the weak electrolyte is more likely to take place hemolysis than the strong electrolyte, there was no absolute positive or negative correlation between hemolysis time of red blood cell and molecular weight of solutes. Key words：Erythrocytes；Membrane permeability；Hemolysis；Isotonic solution 目录 摘要1 引言1 1. 材料、器具与方法 1.1 材料 鸡血和兔血，购于周口市农贸市场；蒸馏水、葡萄糖、柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸、氯化钠、醋酸铵、草酸铵、硫酸钠、无水乙醇，等，由周口师范学院生命科学与农学学院提供。 1.2 器具 高压灭菌锅、离心机、天平、移液管、计时秒表、试管、容量瓶、烧杯、试管架等，由周口师范学院生命科学与农学学院提供。 1.3 方法 1.3.1 抗凝剂阿氏液的制备 分别称取葡萄糖20.5 g、柠檬酸钠80 g、柠檬酸0.55 g、氯化钠4.2 g，溶解后定容至1000 ml，用柠檬酸钠调节pH到6.1，115 ℃下灭菌10 min后放入4 ℃冰箱保存，备用[5-6]。 1.3.2 抗凝鸡血及兔血的制备 取2个250 ml的烧杯，分别加入100 ml的阿氏液，并分别标记为抗凝鸡血和抗凝兔血，然后按5:1的体积比分别加入20 ml的新鲜鸡血和兔血，分别得到120 ml的抗凝鸡血和兔血[7-8]。 1.3.3 0.75%及0.9%的生理盐水的制备 0.75%的兔血生理盐水：称取氯化钠0.75 g，溶解后，倒入100 ml的容量瓶中，最后加入蒸馏水定容到100 ml，然后再贴上写有兔血生理盐水的标签。 0.9%的鸡血生理盐水：称取氯化钠0.90 g，溶解后，倒入100 ml的容量瓶中，最后加入蒸馏水定容到100 ml，然后再贴上写有鸡血生理盐水的标签。 1.3.4 10%